Climate change and habitat adaptability of Madhuca longifolia (j. koenig ex L.) j.f. macbr.: An endangered tree species of high socio-economic significance to tribal community of eastern India
2021
Garai, Sanjoy | Ranjan, Ashish | Rahaman, S. KMujibar | Khatun, Masjuda | Kumar, Raj | Kumar, Basant | Mishra, Shambhu Nath | Tiwari, Sharad
M. longifolia (J. Koenig ex L.) J.F. Macbr., also known as Mahua, is facing issues of gradual depletion and poor regeneration due to overexploitation and climate change. Present study highlights the distribution of suitable habitats of M. longifolia under the varying climatic conditions in eastern India using Maxent. At present about ~ 29,550.29 Km² area possesses suitable habitat for the distribution of M. longifolia in the eastern region, with prominent distribution in Jharkhand comprising ~ 72% of total suitable area followed by Chhattisgarh with ~ 17% area. The future projections for the year 2050 indicated an increase in suitable habitat area in the range of ~1.2- 2.7% with southward shifting but the pattern of distribution is getting confined to a narrower geographical range as compared to the existing extent. Variable Bio_3 (isothermality) followed by elevation was the major predictor variable in limiting the distribution of M. longifolia for the present as well as future climatic scenario. The outcome of the study provides an insight on suitable habitats of M. longifolia and promotion and conservation strategies on predicted areas shall enable better growth scenario and contribute towards socioeconomic upliftment of tribal communities in the region.
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