Karyological studies in Zygophyllum fabago L. (Syrian bean caper) in Iran
2017
Amini-Chermahini, Fatemeh | Ebrahimi, Mohsen | Farajpour, Mostafa
Syrian bean caper (Zygophyllum fabago L.), a member of the Zygophyllaceae family, is a herbaceous plant found widely in the Mediterranean area. To date, few cytological studies have been performed on this plant. Little is known, in the genus Zygophyllum L., about the nature of genetic variability in the species. For the first time a cytogenetic study was undertaken for 15 natural populations of Z. fabago distributed in Iran. Chromosomal characterizations were performed by mitosis analysis. The aceto-iron-hematoxylin staining method was used to stain chromosomes. All populations examined were diploids (2 n = 2 x = 22). The mean value of chromosomes’ total length was varied from 11.758 to 17.831 μm in Z15 and Z7, respectively. The result of analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the populations based on all karyotypic characteristics except CV CI and AR (p < 0.01). The chromosomes were mostly metacentric (m) and sub-metacentric (sm). The karyogram and ideogram were drawn based on centromeric index and arranged in decreasing size order. Cluster analysis (WARD method) classified the populations into four groups. Z5 and Z14 populations had the most similarity. Karyotypes were located in Stebbins classes (SC) 1A, 2A, 1B and 2B. The analysis of A1, A2 and TF% has shown that, the karyotype of Z12 presented more tendency to asymmetry and Z15 presented the smallest asymmetry.
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