Evaluacion de la fijacion simbiotica de nitrogeno de Lupinus albus y L. angustifolius en un Andisol Vilcun del sur de Chile | Evaluation of the symbiotic nitrogen fixation of Lupinus albus L. angustifolius in a Vilcun Andisol of southern Chile
2002
Barrientos D, L. | Montenegro B, A. | Pino N, I.
In Southern Chile, Leguminae have formed an important part of crop cultivation systems performing relevant roles in their sustainability. Among these crops, Lupinus albus and L. angustifolius have been included as alternatives in crop rotation since these legumes can satisfy a great proportion of their nitrogen requirement by means of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. A field experiment in a Vilcun Andisol was conducted to assess the nitrogen fixation rates and to study the N distribution in different parts of the plants during the reproductive phase of both lupine species using the 15N isotope dilution technique. 10 kg of 15N ha(-1) at 9.381% atom excess were applied as ammonium sulphate in both fields, one with lupine and the other with the reference crop (Avena sativa cv. Nehuen). In the first evaluation [45 days after seeding (DDS)] it was determined that L. albus cv. Lolita fixed 39 kg of N ha(-1) and L. angustifolius cv. Gungurru fixed 25 kg of N ha(-1) which was equivalent to 69 and 49% of N derived from air, respectively. In the second evaluation (80 DDS) L. albus cv. Lolita fixed 282 kg N ha(-1) and L. angustifolius cv. Gungurru fixed 197 kg N ha(-1) which was equivalent to 95 and 91% of N derived from air, respectively. By the time of harvesting (160 DDS), the grain protein content of L. albus was 38%, being 23% in L. angustifolius. These results have demonstrated that L. albus cv. Lolita and L. angustifolius cv. Gungurru have the capacity of fixing great quantities of N from air in a Vilcun Andisol. The differences in grain protein content are due to the indeterminate growth habit that characterizes L. angustifolius cv. Gungurru in Southern Chile.
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