Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Protection of Oleanolic Acid and Ursolic Acid in PC12 Cells
2008
Tsai, Shih-Jei | Yin, M.-C.
PC12 cells were used to examine the in vitro antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA). PC12 cells were pretreated with OA or UA at 20 and 40 μM and followed by exposure of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP⁺) to induce cell injury. Results showed that H₂O₂- or MPP⁺-treatment significantly decreased cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release (P < 0.05). The pretreatment from OA or UA significantly and concentration-dependently reduced subsequent H₂O₂- or MPP⁺-induced cell death and LDH release (P < 0.05). Either H₂O₂- or MPP⁺-treatment significantly increased malonyldialdehyde (MDA) formation, decreased glutathione (GSH) content, and diminished glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities (P < 0.05). The pretreatment from OA or UA significantly retained GSH, and reversed H₂O₂- and MPP⁺-induced impairment in catalase and SOD activities (P < 0.05), and decreased MDA formation (P < 0.05). Either H₂O₂- or MPP⁺-treatment significantly elevated interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels (P < 0.05). The pretreatments from OA or UA significantly attenuated subsequent H₂O₂- or MPP⁺-induced release of IL-6 and TNF-α (P < 0.05). Based on the observed antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities from OA and UA, these 2 compounds were potent agents against neurodegenerative disorder.
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