Optimization of the Pot Volume and Substrate for Strawberry Cultivation in a Hydroponic System

This study aimed to optimize the pot volume and substrate for strawberry pot cultivation through an analysis of strawberry growth and the composition of the drainage solution in a hydroponic cultivation system. Strawberry plants were cultivated for six months with various combinations of pot volumes (830 cm³ and 1,140 cm³) and substrates (commercial substrate, coir, and granular rockwool). On day 63 after transplantation, the growth of the strawberry plants was greatest when the plants were grown in pots with a volume of 830 cm³ and with a commercial substrate. On day 182 after transplantation, growth was greatest when the plants were grown in pots with a volume of 830 cm³ using a commercial substrate or coir, as well as in pots with a volume of 1,140 cm³ using a commercial substrate. The drainage solution from the coir substrate exhibited a pH and electrical conductivity (EC) similar to those of the nutrient solution. The ion concentrations in the coir drainage solution were similar to those in the nutrient solution throughout the cultivation period. These results indicate that a pot volume of 830 cm³ and coir are most suitable for approximately six months of strawberry pot cultivation. In pot cultivation, the establishment of an appropriate range of substrate volumes considering the cultivation period is crucial. An analysis of changes in the drainage solution influenced by the substrate composition and cultivation duration can enhance nutrient management, optimize resource utilization, and promote the reuse of nutrient solutions in hydroponic systems. These findings contribute to the development of sustainable and efficient approaches to strawberry pot cultivation, emphasizing the maximization of resource utilization while ensuring the attainment of high-quality yields.