Effect of Variable Rate Application of Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers in Sugar Beet
2021
Lukas, Vojtech | Neudert, Lubomir | Sirucek, Petr et al.
The application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is carried out based on the balance calculation and covers the consumption of nutrients by the harvested products. In case of fields with high spatial variability, this means taking into account spatial differences in crop yields and spatial variability of soil agrochemical properties in the form of variable application of fertilizers. A model comparison of uniform and variable application in the form of six calculation variants showed a significant effect of the level of nutrient content in the soil. The very low phosphorous content in the area of interest resulted in the highest doses for all application variants without significant differences between them. The economic benefit of variable phosphorus application was at the level over 1 EUR per ha. In contrast, the variable application of potassium led to reduction of the average nutrient dose by 15%, which represents an economic benefit of 44 EUR per ha. For potassium, the classification of the nutrient supply in the soil using the balance coefficient was significantly more pronounced, which in the case of uniform application led to a reduction of the average dose by 65% (70% in the case of variable application). This represents a saving of more than 200 EUR per ha. Taking spatial distribution of yield levels into account did not lead to significant changes in application rates for both nutrients. However, where maps of the relative distribution of crop yields are available, the coverage of the differences in nutrient uptake per yield level achieved will lead to lower spatial differences in the nutrient content in the soil.
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