Enhancing tree performance through species mixing: Review of a quarter-century of TreeDivNet experiments reveals research gaps and practical insights
2024
Depauw, Leen | de Lombaerde, Emiel | Dhiedt, Els | Blondeel, Haben | Abdala-Roberts, Luis | Auge, Harald | Barsoum, Nadia | Bauhus, Jürgen | Chu, Chengjin | Damtew, Abebe | Eisenhauer, Nico | Fagundes, Marina | Ganade, Gislene | Gendreau-Berthiaume, Benoit | Godbold, Douglas | Gravel, Dominique | Guillemot, Joannès | Hajek, Peter | Hector, Andrew | Hérault, Bruno | Jactel, Hervé | Koricheva, Julia | Kreft, Holger | Liu, Xiaojuan | Mereu, Simone | Messier, Christian | Muys, Bart | Nock, Charles | Paquette, Alain | Parker, John | Parker, William | Paterno, Gustavo | Perring, Michael | Ponette, Quentin | Potvin, Catherine | Reich, Peter | Rewald, Boris | Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael | Schnabel, Florian | Sousa-Silva, Rita | Weih, Martin | Zemp, Delphine Clara | Verheyen, Kris | Baeten, Lander | Universiteit Gent = Ghent University = Université de Gand (UGENT) | Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán | Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) | German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) | Forest Research [Great Britain] | Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg = University of Freiburg | Sun Yat-sen University [Guangzhou] (SYSU) | Catholic University of Leuven = Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) | Mekelle University | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte [Natal] (UFRN) | Institut des Sciences de la Forêt tempérée (ISFORT) ; Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO) | Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU) | Mendel University in Brno (MENDELU) | Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS) | Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP) | University of Oxford | Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo) ; Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL) | Göttingen State and University Library (SUB Göttingen) ; Georg-August-University of Göttingen = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen | Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS) | National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC) | KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI) ; Catholic University of Leuven = Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) | University of Alberta | Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM) | Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC) | Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry | The University of Western Australia (UWA) | Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL) | McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada] | University of Michigan [Ann Arbor] ; University of Michigan System | Leipzig University / Universität Leipzig | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences = Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) | Université de Neuchâtel = University of Neuchatel (UNINE) | Biodiversa+;BiodivERsA;FRA;http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100019184 | Agence Nationale de la Recherche;ANR;FRA;http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001665 | Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo;FAPESP;BRA;http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001807 | Austrian Science Fund;FWF;AUT;http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002428 | Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas;Formas;SWE;http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001862 | Fondation BNP Paribas;BNP Paribas Foundation;FRA;http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008393 | ANR-20-EBI5-0003,MixForChange,Mixed Forest plantations for climate Change mitigation and adaptation.(2020)
Source Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/608885/) * Autres projets (id;sigle;titre): ;;(FRA) CAMBIO//
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Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Inglés. Purpose of Review: International ambitions for massive afforestation and restoration are high. To make these investments sustainable and resilient under future climate change, science is calling for a shift from planting monocultures to mixed forests. But what is the scientific basis for promoting diverse plantations, and what is the feasibility of their establishment and management? As the largest global network of tree diversity experiments, TreeDivNet is uniquely positioned to answer these pressing questions. Building on 428 peer-reviewed TreeDivNet studies, combined with the results of a questionnaire completed by managers of 32 TreeDivNet sites, we aimed to answer the following questions: (i) How and where have TreeDivNet experiments enabled the relationship between tree diversity and tree performance (including productivity, survival, and pathogen damage) to be studied, and what has been learned? (ii) What are the remaining key knowledge gaps in our understanding of the relationship between tree diversity and tree performance? and (iii) What practical insights can be gained from the TreeDivNet experiments for operational, real-world forest plantations? Recent Findings: We developed a conceptual framework that identifies the variety of pathways through which target tree performance is related to local neighbourhood diversity and mapped the research efforts for each of those pathways. Experimental research on forest mixtures has focused primarily on direct tree diversity effects on productivity, with generally positive effects of species and functional diversity on productivity. Fewer studies focused on indirect effects mediated via biotic growing conditions (e.g. soil microbes and herbivores) and resource availability and uptake. Most studies examining light uptake found positive effects of species diversity. For pests and diseases, the evidence points mostly towards lower levels of infection for target trees when growing in mixed plantations. Tree diversity effects on the abiotic growing conditions (e.g. microclimate, soil properties) and resource-use efficiency have been less well studied to date. The majority of tree diversity experiments are situated in temperate forests, while (sub)tropical forests, and boreal forests in particular, remain underrepresented. Summary: TreeDivNet provides evidence in favour of mixing tree species to increase tree productivity while identifying a variety of different processes that drive these diversity effects. The design, scale, age, and management of TreeDivNet experiments reflect their focus on fundamental research questions pertaining to tree diversity-ecosystem function relationships and this scientific focus complicates translation of findings into direct practical management guidelines. Future research could focus on (i) filling the knowledge gaps related to underlying processes of tree diversity effects to better design plantation schemes, (ii) identifying optimal species mixtures, and (iii) developing practical approaches to make experimental mixed plantings more management oriented.
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