Crop traits and production under drought
2024
Vadez, Vincent | Grondin, Alexandre | Chenu, Karine | Henry, Amelia | Laplaze, Laurent | Millet, Emilie | Carminati, Andrea | Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Université de Montpellier (UM) | Centre d'Etude Regional Pour l'Amelioration de l'Adaptation A la Secheresse (CERAAS) | Institut sénégalais de recherches agricoles [Dakar] (ISRA) | Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI) ; The University of Queensland (UQ [All campuses : Brisbane, Dutton Park Gatton, Herston, St Lucia and other locations]) | International Rice Research Institute [Philippines] (IRRI) ; Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR) | Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich) | Australian Research Council LP210200723 | ANR-17-MPGA-0011,ICARUS,Improve Crops in Arid Regions and future climates(2017) | ANR-20-CE20-0016,PlastiMil,Plasticité racinaire adaptative chez le mil(2020) | ANR-23-CE20-0052,SorDrought,Caractérisation de nouveaux traits physiologiques pour aider l'amélioration de la tolérance au stress hydrique post-floral chez le sorgho(2023)
International audience
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Inglés. Drought limits crop productivity and threatens global food security, with moderate drought stress — when crops grow at a reduced rate — commonly experienced. Increasing plant tolerance to moderate drought is a key target for adaptation and management, but efforts to understand and increase drought tolerance often focus on more extreme drought that causes complete crop failure and only consider crop genetics. In this Review, we discuss the influence of moderate drought on crop productivity and the role of physiological traits in drought tolerance and adaptation. Traits related to crop water use, water capture, water availability, transpiration efficiency and phenology impact drought adaptation, but their overall effect varies situationally. For example, early restrictions in transpiration, higher transpiration efficiency or altered tillering increase water availability during grain filling and can double yield in some drought scenarios. However, these same traits under less severe drought scenarios can also lead to yield penalties. To assess when and under what conditions traits will be beneficial, crop models are used to integrate the effects of genetics, the environment and management, estimating the expected yield responses under these combinations of scenarios and traits. More robust characterization of moderate drought tolerance and better integration between plant genetic information and modelling will enable the local selection of crop varieties suited to the expected drought scenarios.
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