Ascofuranone antibiotic is a promising trypanocidal drug for nagana
2024
Suganuma, Keisuke(Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases) | Mochabo, Kennedy M.(Egerton University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery Department of Veterinary Public Health, Pharmacology) | Chemuliti, Judith K.(Kenya Agricultural Research Organization Biotechnology Research Institute) | Kiyoshi, Kita(Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine Department of Host-Defense Biochemistry) | Noboru, Inoue(Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases) | Kawazu, Shin-ichiro(Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases)
Trypanosomosis is a disease complex which affects both humans and animals in sub-Saharan Africa, transmitted by the tsetse fly and distributed within the tsetse belt of Africa. But some trypanosome species, for example, Trypanosoma brucei evansi, T. vivax, T. theileri and T. b. equiperdum are endemic outside the tsetse belt of Africa transmitted by biting flies, for example, Tabanus and Stomoxys, or venereal transmission, respectively. Trypanocidal drugs remain the principal method of animal trypanosomosis control in most African countries. However, there is a growing concern that their effectiveness may be severely curtailed by widespread drug resistance. A minimum number of six male cattle calves were recruited for the study. They were randomly grouped into two (T. vivax and T. congolense groups) of three calves each. One calf per group served as a control while two calves were treatment group. They were inoculated with 10(5) cells/mL parasites in phosphate buffered solution (PBS) in 2 mL. When parasitaemia reached 1 × 10(7.8) cells/mL trypanosomes per mL in calves, treatment was instituted with 20 mL (25 mg/kg in 100 kg calf) ascofuranone (AF) for treatment calves, while the control ones were administered a placebo (20 mL PBS) intramuscularly. This study revealed that T. vivax was successfully cleared by AF but the T. congolense group was not cleared effectively. CONTRIBUTION: There is an urgent need to develop new drugs which this study sought to address. It is suggested that the AF compound can be developed further to be a sanative drug for T. vivax in non-tsetse infested areas like South Americas
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