Effect of Temperature and Cold Storage Durations on Flower Induction in Bulbs of Two Iranian Onion Cultivars
2023
Moradi Motaghed, Nahid | Dashti, Farshad | Ghaemizadeh, Fahimeh
In order to determine cold requirements for flower induction (vernalization), the adult bulbs of Ghermez Azarshahr and Sefid Qom onion cultivars were studied in four time periods (two, four, six and eight weeks) and three temperatures (5, 10 and 15 °C) in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replicates. Scaning electron microscope (SEM) was used to determine swelling of reproductive meristem (meristem dome) after applying the treatments. Also, the temporal expression patterns of flowering integrator gene (AcFT2) were analyzed in cv; Ghermez Azarshahr, using Real-Time PCR. According to obtained results, the maximum meristem inflation of Sefid Ghom was observed in 10 and 15 °C, while in Ghermez Azarshahr at 5 °C. Bulbs showed the lowest meristem inflation (30.53%) after 2 weeks of cold storage, and with increasing vernalization time, up to 6 weeks, the meristem inflation (75.35%) increased. The highest relative expression of AcFT2 was observed in the Ghermez Azarshahr after 6 weeks of cold storage at 5 °C, which coincides with meristem inflation results. Ultimately, the best vernalization condition were determined as 6 weeks cold storage at 10 ° or 15 °C for Sefid Ghom and 5 °C for Ghermez Azarshahr.
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