Influenza A viruses are likely highly prevalent in South African swine farms
2021
El Zowalaty, Mohamed, E. | Abdelgadir, Anfal | Borkenhagen, Laura, K. | Ducatez, Mariette, F. | Bailey, Emily, S. | Gray, Gregory, C. | Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala] | Uppsala University Hospital | Duke University School of Medicine [Durham, NC, USA] | Duke University [Durham] | Duke Global Health Institute (DGHI) | Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP) ; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Global Health Research Center | Emerging Infectious Diseases Program ; Duke-NUS Medical School [Singapore] | This work was supported by Professor Gregory C. Gray's discretionary funding, Professor Mohamed Ezzat El Zowalaty's discretionary funding, the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC), St. Jude Children Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennesse, USA for Dr. Mohamed Ezzat El Zowalaty, and by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) (contract number HHSN272201400008C). Dr. Mohamed Ezzat El Zowalaty is an awardee of an NIH/NIAID/CEIRS (contract no. HHSN272201400008C) travel and research program to St. Jude CEIRS, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Dr. M.E. El Zowalaty would like to acknowledge the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS) program and training committee and the Centre for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis (CRIP) at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA for receiving the CEIRS program award.
International audience
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Inglés. Growth in pork production during the last decade in South Africa has escalated the risk of zoonotic pathogen emergence. This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate evidence for transmission of influenza A virus between pigs and swine workers. Between February and October 2018, samples from swine workers and pigs were collected from three farms in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Workers nasal washes and serum samples, and swine oral secretion samples (rope sampling method) were studied for evidence of swine influenza A virus infection using molecular and serological methods. Among 84 human nasal washes and 51 swine oral secretion specimens, 44 (52.4%) and 6 (11.8%) had molecular evidence of influenza A virus. Microneutralization assays with workers' enrolment sera against swine H1N1 and H3N2 viruses revealed a high prevalence of elevated antibodies. Multivariate risk factor analysis showed that male workers from the age-group quartile 23-32 years, who self-reported a recent history of exposure to someone with influenza disease and seldom use of personal protective equipment were at highest risk of molecular detection of influenza A virus. These pilot study data suggest that influenza A viruses are likely highly prevalent in South African swine farms. South Africa would benefit from periodic surveillance for novel influenza viruses in swine farms as well as education and seasonal influenza vaccine programmes for swine workers.
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