Identifying the tree species compositions that maximize ecosystem functioning in European forests
2019
Baeten, Lander | Bruelheide, Helge | van Der Plas, Fons | Kambach, Stephan | Ratcliffe, Sophia | Jucker, Tommaso | Allan, Eric | Ampoorter, Evy | Barbaro, Luc | Bastias, Cristina C. | Bauhus, Jürgen | Benavides, Raquel | Bonal, Damien | Bouriaud, Olivier | Bussotti, Filippo | Carnol, Monique | Castagneyrol, Bastien | Charbonnier, Yohan | Chećko, Ewa | Coomes, David Anthony | Dahlgren, Jonas | Dawud, Seid Muhie | de Wandeler, Hans | Domisch, Timo | Finér, Leena | Fischer, Markus | Fotelli, Mariangela | Gessler, Arthur | Grossiord, Charlotte | Guyot, Virginie | Hättenschwiler, Stephan | Jactel, Hervé | Jaroszewicz, Bogdan | Joly, François-Xavier | Koricheva, Julia | Lehtonen, Aleksi | Müller, Sandra | Muys, Bart | Nguyen, Diem | Pollastrini, Martina | Radoglou, Kalliopi | Raulund-Rasmussen, Karsten | Ruiz-Benito, Paloma | Selvi, Federico | Stenlid, Jan | Valladares, Fernando | Vesterdal, Lars | Verheyen, Kris | Wirth, Christian | Zavala, Miguel A. | Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael | Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) | Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg - Martin-Luther-University Halle Wittenberg (MLU) | Leipzig University / Universität Leipzig | University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM) | Institute of Plant Sciences ; Universität Bern = University of Bern = Université de Berne (UNIBE) | Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT) | Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales [Madrid] (MNCN) ; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain] (CSIC) | Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg = University of Freiburg | SILVA (SILVA) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL) | University Stefan cel Mare of Suceava (USU) | Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence = Université de Florence (UniFI) | Université de Liège = University of Liège = Universiteit van Luik = Universität Lüttich (ULiège) | Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB) | Ligue pour la Protection des Oiseaux (LPO) | University of Warmia and Mazury [Olsztyn] | Mid Sweden University | Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL) | Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE) | Aristotle University of Thessaloniki | Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL | Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) | Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE) ; Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro) | Uniwersytet Warszawski [Polska] = University of Warsaw [Poland] = Université de Varsovie [Pologne] (UW) | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | University of London [London] | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences = Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) | Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH) | University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH) | Universidad de Alcalá [Alcalá de Henares, España] = University of Alcalá [Alcalá de Henares, Spain] = Université d'Alcalá [Alcalá de Henares, Espagne] (UAH) | Seventh Framework Programme. Grant Number: 265171
International audience
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Inglés. 1. Forest ecosystem functioning generally benefits from higher tree species richness, but variation within richness levels is typically large. This is mostly due to the contrasting performances of communities with different compositions. Evidencebased understanding of composition effects on forest productivity, as well as on multiple other functions will enable forest managers to focus on the selection of species that maximize functioning, rather than on diversity per se. 2. We used a dataset of 30 ecosystem functions measured in stands with different species richness and composition in six European forest types. First, we quantified whether the compositions that maximize annual above-ground wood production (productivity) generally also fulfil the multiple other ecosystem functions (multifunctionality). Then, we quantified the species identity effects and strength of interspecific interactions to identify the “best” and “worst” species composition for multifunctionality. Finally, we evaluated the real-world frequency of occurrence of best and worst mixtures, using harmonized data from multiple national forest inventories. 3. The most productive tree species combinations also tended to express relatively high multifunctionality, although we found a relatively wide range of compositions with high- or low-average multifunctionality for the same level of productivity. Monocultures were distributed among the highest as well as the lowest performing compositions. The variation in functioning between compositions was generally driven by differences in the performance of the component species and, to a lesser extent, by particular interspecific interactions. Finally, we found that the most frequent species compositions in inventory data were monospecific stands and that the most common compositions showed below-average multifunctionality and productivity. 4. Synthesis and applications. Species identity and composition effects are essential to the development of high-performing production systems, for instance in forestry and agriculture. They therefore deserve great attention in the analysis and design of functional biodiversity studies if the aim is to inform ecosystem management. A management focus on tree productivity does not necessarily trade-off against other ecosystem functions; high productivity and multifunctionality can be combined with an informed selection of tree species and species combinations.
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