Chloride as macronutrient increases water use efficiency by anatomically‐driven reduced stomatal conductance and increased mesophyll diffusion to CO2
2019
Franco‐navarro, Juan D. | Rosales Villegas, Miguel Angel | Cubero‐font, Paloma | Calvo, Purificación | Diaz‐espejo, Antonio | Colmenero‐flores, José M. | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain] (CSIC) | Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
International audience
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Inglés. Chloride (Cl−) has been recently described as a beneficial macronutrient, playing specific roles in promoting plant growth and water use efficiency (WUE). However, it is still unclear how Cl− could be beneficial, especially in comparison with nitrate (NO3−), an essential macronutrient that shares with Cl− similar physical and osmotic properties, as well as common transport mechanisms. In tobacco plants, macronutrient levels of Cl− specifically reduce stomatal conductance (gs) without a concomitant reduction of the net photosynthesis rate (AN). Since stomata-mediated water loss through transpiration is inherent in the need of C3 plants to capture CO2, simultaneous increase of photosynthesis and WUE is of great relevance to achieve a sustainable increase of C3 crop productivity. Our results show that Cl−-mediated stimulation of larger leaf cells leads to a reduction of stomatal density, which in turn reduces gs and water consumption. On the other hand, Cl− improves mesophyll diffusion conductance to CO2 (gm) and photosynthetic performance due to a higher surface area of chloroplasts exposed to the intercellular airspace of mesophyll cells, possibly as a consequence of the stimulation of chloroplast biogenesis. A key finding of this study is the simultaneous improvement of AN and WUE due to macronutrient Cl− nutrition. This work identifies relevant and specific functions in which Cl− participates as a beneficial macronutrient for higher plants, uncovering a sustainable approach to improve crop yield.
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