ADAPTATION CAPABILITIES OF PEA VARIETIES WITH DIFFERENT LEAF APPARATUS ARCHITECTONICS. METHODS OF INCREASING THE TECHNOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY OF THE CROP
2024
Kukharchik, V.M.
The article presents the results of research conducted at the RUE Grodno Zonal Institute of Plant Growing of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, on the basis of which an assessment of the productivity and economic efficiency of production of pea varieties of Belarusian and foreign selection with different leaf apparatus architecture, and varieties were grouped according to their adaptive capabilities. It was found that Salamanca (Ka = 1.2) and Astronaut (Ka = 1.3) belong to the intensive type of varieties; the varieties Tip (Ka = 1.1), Eso (Ka = 1.0) and Millennium (Ka = 0.9) belong to the potentially productive type. The varieties Facet (Ka = 0.8) and Present (Ka = 0.7) belong to the neutral type. The study substantiated the influence of techniques that contribute to improving the technological effectiveness of Belarusian pea varieties by increasing resistance to lodging and, as a result, ensuring increased productivity. It was found that the following measures improve the technological effectiveness of peas: rolling of crops in the phase of 5-6 or 7-8 true leaves; initial application of mineral nitrogen for cultivation at a dose of 60 kg active ingredient/ha + treatment of crops with the morphoregulator Architekt (0.8-1.0 l/ha) in the phase of 3-4 pairs of true leaves + fertilizing with Terra-sorb Complex fertilizer (1.5 l/ha) in the budding-beginning of flowering phase. These measures also increase the economic indicators of cultivation of domestic varieties, which allows them to compete with foreign varieties
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