Zoonotic hepatitis E virus: classification, animal reservoirs and transmission routes
2016
Doceul, Virginie | Bagdassarian, Eugenie | Demange, Antonin | Pavio, Nicole | Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO) ; École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES) | Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12) | Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES) | École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA) | European Union Seventh Framework Program (FP7) [278433-PREDEMICS]
During the past ten years, several new hepatitis E viruses (HEVs) have been identified in various animal species. In parallel, the number of reports of autochthonous hepatitis E in Western countries has increased as well, raising the question of what role these possible animal reservoirs play in human infections. The aim of this review is to present the recent discoveries of animal HEVs and their classification within the Hepeviridae family, their zoonotic and species barrier crossing potential, and possible use as models to study hepatitis E pathogenesis. Lastly, this review describes the transmission pathways identified from animal sources.
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