The paradox of cooperation among selfish cancer cells
2023
Capp, Jean‐pascal | Thomas, Frédéric | Marusyk, Andriy | Dujon, Antoine, M | Tissot, Sophie | Gatenby, Robert | Roche, Benjamin | Ujvari, Beata | Degregori, James | Brown, Joel S. | Nedelcu, Aurora | Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse) ; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (MIVEGEC-CREEC) ; Processus Écologiques et Évolutifs au sein des Communautés (PEEC) ; Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Université de Montpellier (UM) | Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Université de Montpellier (UM) | H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute | Deakin University [Waurn Ponds] | University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus [Aurora] | Deakin University [Burwood] | University of New Brunswick (UNB) | This work was supported by the MAVA Foundation and by the following grants: ANR TRANSCAN (ANR‐18‐CE35‐0009); U01 CA271830 from National Institutes of Health to JD; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada to AMN. | ANR-18-CE35-0009,TRANSCAN,ECOLOGIE ET EVOLUTION DES CANCERS TRANSMISSIBLES(2018)
International audience
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Inglés. It is traditionally assumed that during cancer development, tumor cells abort their initially cooperative behavior (i.e., cheat) in favor of evolutionary strategies designed solely to enhance their own fitness (i.e., a “selfish” life style) at the expense of that of the multicellular organism. However, the growth and progress of solid tumors can also involve cooperation among these presumed selfish cells (which, by definition, should be noncooperative) and with stromal cells. The ultimate and proximate reasons behind this paradox are not fully understood. Here, in the light of current theories on the evolution of cooperation, we discuss the possible evolutionary mechanisms that could explain the apparent cooperative behaviors among selfish malignant cells. In addition to the most classical explanations for cooperation in cancer and in general (by‐product mutualism, kin selection, direct reciprocity, indirect reciprocity, network reciprocity, group selection), we propose the idea that “greenbeard” effects are relevant to explaining some cooperative behaviors in cancer. Also, we discuss the possibility that malignant cooperative cells express or co‐opt cooperative traits normally expressed by healthy cells. We provide examples where considerations of these processes could help understand tumorigenesis and metastasis and argue that this framework provides novel insights into cancer biology and potential strategies for cancer prevention and treatment.
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