Valorización de los efectos causados por micotoxinas en alimentación porcina en la etapa de reproducción

SUMMARY The presence of mycotoxins in grains and feed in the feed of pigs is a serious problem not only national but also global that will have negative repercussions on the economy of the farm and human health. In this bibliographical research, the most important ones and the effects that mycotoxins have on pig production are reviewed, as well as what are the means of prevention and control. Contamination with mycotoxins affects pig production in the city of Babahoyo and also globally to the vast majority of the livestock and cereal sector, as well as human health. Therefore, it is important to fully know and prevent the sources and causes of this problem in the herds, this causes not only a negative economic impact within the affected farms but also a serious problem for the final consumers of cereals and meats. . <The effects of mycotoxins can take place with toxin concentrations below the detection limits, if the intake is very prolonged in time. Clinical symptoms are usually very obvious, so diagnosis can be easy; however, symptoms are sometimes diffuse, irregular, and not present in all animals. One of the main warning signs are reproductive disorders and a low index of reproductive parameters. The main toxins that affect the reproductive parameters of the sow are zearalenone, ergotamine, trichothecenes (T-2 and deoxynivalenol) and aflatoxins>

SUMMARY The presence of mycotoxins in grains and feed in the feed of pigs is a serious problem not only national but also global that will have negative repercussions on the economy of the farm and human health. In this bibliographical research, the most important ones and the effects that mycotoxins have on pig production are reviewed, as well as what are the means of prevention and control. Contamination with mycotoxins affects pig production in the city of Babahoyo and also globally to the vast majority of the livestock and cereal sector, as well as human health. Therefore, it is important to fully know and prevent the sources and causes of this problem in the herds, this causes not only a negative economic impact within the affected farms but also a serious problem for the final consumers of cereals and meats. . <The effects of mycotoxins can take place with toxin concentrations below the detection limits, if the intake is very prolonged in time. Clinical symptoms are usually very obvious, so diagnosis can be easy; however, symptoms are sometimes diffuse, irregular, and not present in all animals. One of the main warning signs are reproductive disorders and a low index of reproductive parameters. The main toxins that affect the reproductive parameters of the sow are zearalenone, ergotamine, trichothecenes (T-2 and deoxynivalenol) and aflatoxins>

RESUMEN La presencia de micotoxinas en granos y piensos en la alimentación de los porcinos es un grave problema no solo nacional sino también mundial que habrá repercusiones negativas en la economía de la granja y de salud humana. En esta investigación bibliográfica se revisan las más importantes y el efecto que tiene la micotoxinas en la producción porcina, además cuales son los medios de prevención y lucha. La contaminación con micotoxinas afecta la producción porcina en la ciudad de Babahoyo y también de manera global a la gran mayoría del sector ganadero y cerealista, así como la salud humana. Por ello, es importante conocer y prevenir en su totalidad las fuentes y las causas de este problema en las piaras, esto ocasiona no sólo un impacto económico negativo dentro de las explotaciones afectadas sino también un problema grave que para los consumidores finales de cereales y carnes. <Los efectos de las micotoxinas pueden tener lugar con concentraciones de toxinas por debajo de los límites de detección, si la ingesta es muy prolongada en el tiempo. Los síntomas clínicos suelen ser muy evidentes, por lo que el diagnóstico puede ser fácil; sin embargo, en ocasiones los síntomas son difusos, irregulares y no están presentes en todos los animales. Una de las principales señales de alerta son los trastornos reproductivos y el bajo índice de los parámetros reproductivos. Las principales toxinas que afectan a los parámetros reproductivos de la cerda son zearalenona, ergotamina, tricotecenos (T-2 y deoxinivalenol) y aflatoxinas> (Quiles A. , https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322426378_Efecto_de_las_micotoxinas_en_la_reproduccion_porcina, 2016)