Uso de agrobiodiversidad en la producción sostenible en la agricultura

This document deals with the use of agrobiodiversity in sustainable production in agriculture. The objectives set were to explain the factors that affect agrobiodiversity in sustainable agriculture and describe strategies to maintain agrobiodiversity in agriculture. The conclusions determine that the factors that affect agrobiodiversity in sustainable agriculture are the reduction of pollination that is crucial for its production, the decrease in biodiversity can result in an increase in pests and diseases that negatively impact crops, with possible consequences on the quality and quantity of food production. The decrease in the fertilization capacity of the soil that plays a fundamental role in edaphic fertility, since the microorganisms present in the soil contribute to the decomposition of organic matter and the decrease in genetic variability. Strategies to maintain agrobiodiversity in agriculture consist of improving soil quality by incorporating organic matter in the form of compost, bokashi or vermicompost. Refrain from using synthetic herbicides, insecticides or fungicides, create ecological corridors characterized by the presence of trees, shrubs and ornamental and aromatic herbaceous species that imitate natural ecosystems and apply cultural practices that minimize the adverse impact on the soil, thus reducing erosion and its compaction.

This document deals with the use of agrobiodiversity in sustainable production in agriculture. The objectives set were to explain the factors that affect agrobiodiversity in sustainable agriculture and describe strategies to maintain agrobiodiversity in agriculture. The conclusions determine that the factors that affect agrobiodiversity in sustainable agriculture are the reduction of pollination that is crucial for its production, the decrease in biodiversity can result in an increase in pests and diseases that negatively impact crops, with possible consequences on the quality and quantity of food production. The decrease in the fertilization capacity of the soil that plays a fundamental role in edaphic fertility, since the microorganisms present in the soil contribute to the decomposition of organic matter and the decrease in genetic variability. Strategies to maintain agrobiodiversity in agriculture consist of improving soil quality by incorporating organic matter in the form of compost, bokashi or vermicompost. Refrain from using synthetic herbicides, insecticides or fungicides, create ecological corridors characterized by the presence of trees, shrubs and ornamental and aromatic herbaceous species that imitate natural ecosystems and apply cultural practices that minimize the adverse impact on the soil, thus reducing erosion and its compaction.

El presente documento trata sobra el uso de agrobiodiversidad en la producción sostenible en la agricultura. Los objetivos planteados fueron explicar los factores que afectan la agrobiodiversidad en la agricultura sostenible y describir estrategias para mantener agrobiodiversidad en la agricultura. Las conclusiones determinan que los factores que afectan la agrobiodiversidad en la agricultura sostenible son la reducción de la polinización que es crucial para su producción, la disminución de la biodiversidad puede resultar en un incremento de plagas y enfermedades que impactan negativamente en los cultivos, con posibles consecuencias en la calidad y cantidad de la producción alimentaria. La disminución de la capacidad de fertilización del suelo que desempeña un papel fundamental en la fertilidad edáfica, dado que los microorganismos presentes en el suelo contribuyen a la descomposición de la materia orgánica y la disminución de la variabilidad genética. Las estrategias para mantener agrobiodiversidad en la agricultura consisten en mejorar la calidad del suelo incorporando materia orgánica en forma de compost, bokashi o vermicompost. Abstenerse de emplear herbicidas, insecticidas o fungicidas sintéticos, crear pasillos ecológicos caracterizados por la presencia de árboles, arbustos y especies herbáceas ornamentales y aromáticas que imitan los ecosistemas naturales y aplicar prácticas culturales que minimicen el impacto adverso en el suelo, reduciendo así la erosión y la compactación del mismo.