Principales enemigos naturales de la mosca de la fruta Ceratitis capitata, Wiedemann, 1824 en cultivos de frutales en el Ecuador

Fruit crops in Ecuador increasingly increase export levels. The fruits that present white pericarp are highly commercial crops and are susceptible to attacks by mediterranean fly Ceratitis capitata. This fly causes direct damage that is related to the perforation of the fruit by the females due to oviposition, as well as the galleries formed by the larvae when feeding on the fruit. This includes direct productivity losses and increased production costs. Its control threshold is 2 males per trap/day, meaning rapid control using chemical products. There is little national literature that contributes to knowing the main natural enemies of the Mediterranean fly C. capitata. This work aims to detail the damage and describe the main families of natural enemies of C. capitata in fruit crops in Ecuador. The natural enemies reported as parasitoids of the mediterranean fly C. capitata are Doryctobracon crowfordi, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata Aceratoneuromyia indica, as predators to the bug of the genus Zelus and the wasp of the genus Vespidae. Natural biological control is a low-impact management tool for producers. For this reason, it is recommended to carry out a table of ecological life of the mediterranean fly C. capitata, in horticultural crops and futicolas in Ecuador.

Fruit crops in Ecuador increasingly increase export levels. The fruits that present white pericarp are highly commercial crops and are susceptible to attacks by mediterranean fly Ceratitis capitata. This fly causes direct damage that is related to the perforation of the fruit by the females due to oviposition, as well as the galleries formed by the larvae when feeding on the fruit. This includes direct productivity losses and increased production costs. Its control threshold is 2 males per trap/day, meaning rapid control using chemical products. There is little national literature that contributes to knowing the main natural enemies of the Mediterranean fly C. capitata. This work aims to detail the damage and describe the main families of natural enemies of C. capitata in fruit crops in Ecuador. The natural enemies reported as parasitoids of the mediterranean fly C. capitata are Doryctobracon crowfordi, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata Aceratoneuromyia indica, as predators to the bug of the genus Zelus and the wasp of the genus Vespidae. Natural biological control is a low-impact management tool for producers. For this reason, it is recommended to carry out a table of ecological life of the mediterranean fly C. capitata, in horticultural crops and futicolas in Ecuador.

Los cultivos frutales en el Ecuador aumentan cada vez más los niveles de exportación. Los frutos que presenta pericarpio blanco son aquellos cultivos altamente comerciales y son susceptibles a los ataques de moscas del mediterráneo Ceratitis capitata. Esta mosca causa daños directos que están relacionados con la perforación de los frutos por las hembras por la oviposición, así como por las galerías formadas por las larvas al alimentarse del fruto. Esto incluye pérdidas directas de productividad y el aumento de los costes de producción. Su umbral de control es de 2 machos por trampa/día significado un rápido control mediante productos químicos. Existe poca literatura nacional que contribuye a conocer cuáles son los principales enemigos naturales de la mosca del mediterráneo C. capitata. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo el detallar los daños y describir las principales familias de enemigos naturales de C. capitata en cultivos frutales del Ecuador. Los enemigos naturales reportados como parasitoides de la mosca del mediterraneo C. capitata son Doryctobracon crowfordi, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata Aceratoneuromyia indica, como depredadores al chinche del género Zelus y a la avispa del género Vespidae. El control biológico natural es una herramienta de manejo de bajo impacto para los productores. Por tal motivo se recomienda el realizar tabla de vida ecológica de la mosca del mediterráneo C. capitata, en cultivos hortícola y futicolas del Ecuador.