Molecular Profile of Variants Potentially Associated with Severe Forms of COVID-19 in Amazonian Indigenous Populations
2024
Rita de Cássia Calderaro Coelho | Carlliane Lima e Lins Pinto Martins | Lucas Favacho Pastana | Juliana Carla Gomes Rodrigues | Kaio Evandro Cardoso Aguiar | Amanda de Nazaré Cohen-Paes | Laura Patrícia Albarello Gellen | Francisco Cezar Aquino de Moraes | Maria Clara Leite Calderaro | Letícia Almeida de Assunção | Natasha Monte | Esdras Edgar Batista Pereira | André Maurício Ribeiro-dos-Santos | Ândrea Ribeiro-do-Santos | Rommel Mario Rodriguez Burbano | Sandro José de Souza | João Farias Guerreiro | Paulo Pimentel de Assumpção | Sidney Emanuel Batista dos Santos | Marianne Rodrigues Fernandes | Ney Pereira Carneiro dos Santos
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have suggested a strong association of genetic factors with the severity of the disease. However, many of these studies have been completed in European populations, and little is known about the genetic variability of indigenous peoples’ underlying infection by SARS-CoV-2. The objective of the study is to investigate genetic variants present in the genes <i>AQP3</i>, <i>ARHGAP27</i>, <i>ELF5L</i>, <i>IFNAR2</i>, <i>LIMD1</i>, <i>OAS1</i> and <i>UPK1A,</i> selected due to their association with the severity of COVID-19, in a sample of indigenous people from the Brazilian Amazon in order to describe potential new and already studied variants. We performed the complete sequencing of the exome of 64 healthy indigenous people from the Brazilian Amazon. The allele frequency data of the population were compared with data from other continental populations. A total of 66 variants present in the seven genes studied were identified, including a variant with a high impact on the <i>ARHGAP27</i> gene (rs201721078) and three new variants located in the Amazon Indigenous populations (INDG) present in the <i>AQP3</i>, <i>IFNAR2</i> and <i>LIMD1</i> genes, with low, moderate and modifier impact, respectively.
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