THE EFFICIENT SOURCES OF EARLY MATURITY OF WINTER TRITICALE IN THE NORTH-EAST OF THE CENTRAL BLACK EARTH ZONE (CHERNOZEMIE)

The article considers the assessment results of winter triticale on the length of vegetation period on the experimental plots of the Tambov Research Institute of Agriculture in the soil- climatic conditions of the North-East of the Central Black Earth Zone (Chernozemie). During the five years of study (2009-2013) the length of the vegetation period was 307 days on average. According to the trait all variety samples were divided into the groups of maturity: early maturing (ripening), middle maturing and later maturing. The variety samples grown in theWest Europeand in the Near-abroad countries (former Soviet republics) have been presented in the collection by the early maturing varieties with the vegetation period of 305 days. The most varieties of winter triticale, developed inRussia, belong to the middle maturing and later maturing groups with the vegetation period of 307 days. The samples from Dagestan andBashkiriawere later maturing with the vegetation period of 310 days. There have been selected 34 early maturing varieties of winter triticale with the vegetation period of 302-304 days, among which there were 17 very early maturing varieties. They have been analyzed according to the heading stage. In the years with different climatic conditions these varieties came into their heading stage a bit earlier (the third decade of May) than the standard and other varieties of the collection, that confirmed their early maturation. We suggest to use the varieties ‘Bogo’, ‘Presto’, ‘RAH121/94’, ‘Pinokio’, ‘Tornado’ from Poland; ‘Maara’, ‘Modul’, ‘Sokol’ form Buelorus; ‘Suvenir’ form Ukraine; ‘Sargau’, ‘Kentavr’, ‘Vodoley’, ‘Legion’, ‘Zimogor’, ‘Bard’, ‘Vokaliz’, ‘Razgar’ form Russia with the vegetation period of 302-303 days and the heading stage in the third decade of May as the efficient sources for the development of early maturing varieties of winter triticale in the conditions of the North-East of the Central Black Earth Zone (Chernozemie).