Identification and Characterization of <i>HS4</i>-Mediated Hybrid Seed Shattering in Rice
2024
Daiqi Wang | Wantong Xie | Hong Chen | Tifeng Yang | Ziqiang Liu | Ying Ruan | Chunlin Liu
Seed shattering is an adaptive feature of seed dispersal in wild rice, and it is also an important agronomic trait affecting yield. Reduced seed shattering was a significant progress during rice domestication. However, the evolutionary pathway and molecular mechanism of hybrid seed shattering remain largely unknown. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the regulation of hybrid seed shattering, <i>HS4</i>, a locus conferring hybrid seed shattering between <i>Oryza sativa</i> and <i>Oryza glaberrima</i>, was identified and fine mapped to a 13.5-kb genomic region containing two putative genes during the development of chromosomal segment substitution lines (CSSLs). Expression analysis indicated that the hybrid seed shattering was not related to the expression of <i>HS4.</i> Preliminary research on the molecular mechanism of <i>HS4</i>-mediated hybrid seed shattering indicated that HS4<sup>HJX74</sup> and HS4<sup>HP61</sup> may form a multimer in heterozygotes, achieving the original function of a trihelix transcription factor through protein interaction. The identification and characterization of <i>HS4</i> in this study not only provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying hybrid seed shattering, but also provides a potential target for genome editing to reduce the difficulty of hybridization between the two species, facilitating hybrid breeding and increasing yield in rice.
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