THE CONTENT AND DYNAMICS OF THE ENTRY INTO THE SOIL OF THE MAIN NUTRIENTS IN PLANT RESIDUES AND GRAINS OF FIELD CROPS

Background. For the first time in the abiotic conditions of the Lower Volga region on light chestnut soils, new methods of biologization of soil fertility preservation and specialized field crop rotations based on the replacement of pure steam with sideral steam with poorly studied crops for green fertilizer – biennial yellow clover, oats and phacelia were developed and studied; cultures of various biological groups are included in the structure of sown areas, including cereals, legumes, oilseeds, tilled and perennial legumes; in addition to siderates, organic fertilizers are used in the form of straw and crop – root residues of cultivated crops. Purpose of the work is to study the balance of the main nutrition elements of grain crops (winter wheat, chickpeas, spring barley) in field crop rotations. Materials and methods. Grain crops (winter wheat, chickpeas, spring barley) were studied in crop rotations on Bogar. Statistical processing of research results in Excel and Statistica software packages was used for research. Based on empirical data on height, biomass, assimilating surface, to identify patterns of changes in the dynamics of grain crops during the growing season. Results. Over a three-year period, the dynamics of the receipt of crop-root residues for the content of nutrition elements in grain crops was analyzed. The paper presents the nitrogen content in winter wheat, net and spring barley, but studies were conducted on all elements of nutrition. Conclusion. Thus, the analysis of data for a 3-year period of grain crops processed using the Excel program and the Statistica program showed that, regardless of crop rotation, a high content of nutrients is characteristic for the period of germination, then gradually decreases due to their consumption by plants. With the help of programs, you can calculate the required amount of fertilizers for a given crop.