Characterization of purified and Xerogel immobilized Novel Lignin Peroxidase produced from <it>Trametes versicolor</it> IBL-04 using solid state medium of Corncobs

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cost-effective production of industrially important enzymes is a key for their successful exploitation on industrial scale. Keeping in view the extensive industrial applications of lignin peroxidase (LiP), this study was performed to purify and characterize the LiP from an indigenous strain of <it>Trametes versicolor</it> IBL-04. Xerogel matrix enzyme immobilization technique was applied to improve the kinetic and thermo-stability characteristics of LiP to fulfil the requirements of the modern enzyme consumer sector of biotechnology.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A novel LiP was isolated from an indigenous <it>T. versicolor</it> IBL-04 strain. <it>T. versicolor</it> IBL-04 was cultured in solid state fermentation (SSF) medium of corn cobs and maximum LiP activity of 592 ± 6 U/mL was recorded after five days of incubation under optimum culture conditions. The crude LiP was 3.3-fold purified with specific activity of 553 U/mg after passing through the DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex-G-100 chromatography columns. The purified LiP exhibited a relatively low molecular weight (30 kDa) homogenous single band on native and SDS-PAGE. The LiP was immobilized by entrapping in xerogel matrix of trimethoxysilane (TMOS) and proplytetramethoxysilane (PTMS) and maximum immobilization efficiency of 88.6% was achieved. The free and immobilized LiPs were characterized and the results showed that the free and immobilized LiPs had optimum pH 6 and 5 while optimum temperatures were 60°C and 80°C, respectively. Immobilization was found to enhance the activity and thermo-stability potential of LiP significantly and immobilized LiP remained stable over broad pH and temperature range as compare to free enzyme. Kinetic constants <it>K</it>_m and <it>V</it>_max were 70 and 56 μM and 588 and 417 U/mg for the free and immobilized LiPs, respectively. Activity of this novel extra thermo-stable LiP was stimulated to variable extents by Cu²⁺, Mn²⁺ and Fe²⁺ whereas, Cystein, EDTA and Ag⁺ showed inhibitory effects.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The indigenously isolated white rot fungal strain <it>T. versicolor</it> IBL-04 showed tremendous potential for LiP synthesis in SSF of corncobs in high titters (592 U/mL) than other reported <it>Trametes</it> (<it>Coriolus</it>, <it>Polyporus</it>) species. The results obtained after dual phase characterization suggested xerogel matrix entrapment a promising tool for enzyme immobilization, hyper-activation and stabilization against high temperature and inactivating agents. The pH and temperature optima, extra thermo-stability features and kinetic characteristics of this novel LiP of <it>T. versicolor</it> IBL-04 make it a versatile enzyme for various industrial and biotechnological applications.</p>