Application effect of the model of Fenlong “145” on newly planted sugarcane and its physiological and ecological bases

To explore the application effects of the model of Fenlong “145” on newly planted sugarcane and to analyze its physiological and ecological bases, Guiliu 05136 was used as the experimental material. Conventional tillage (CK) and the model of Fenlong “145” (FL145) were set in this study. Soil properties, and agronomic characters, photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of newly planted sugarcane were measured under field conditions, and economic benefits were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) Compared with CK, at 0-20 and 20-40 cm depth, the soil bulk density in FL145 were significantly decreased by 1.25%-5.98%, while the soil porosity and the content of soil water were significantly increased by 1.08%-4.77% and 1.78%-8.23%, respectively. (2) FL145 could promote the growth of roots and seedling emergence of newly planted sugarcane. The agronomic characters in FL145 showed well, and the plant height were significantly increased by 2.20%-7.86%. (3) The leaf area per plant, the chlorophyll content, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO2 concentration were significantly increased by 15.88%, 1.41%, 6.84%, 18.67%, 10.06%, respectively, photosynthetic capacity was enhanced, and the dry matter accumulation per plant in FL145 was significantly increased by 9.26%. (4) At harvest, the number of millable canes, stem length and stem diameter of newly planted sugarcane in FL145 were significantly increased. The theoretical yield and actual yield in FL145 significantly were increased by 5.07% and 5.11%, respectively, while the sucrose content in cane juice and the Brix were significantly increased by 1.61% and 1.50%, respectively, and the content of reducing sugar was significantly decreased by 12.50%. (5) Compared with CK, the total production cost of newly planted sugarcane in FL145 was reduced by 378 yuan·hm-2, while the total output value and the profit were increased by 1 934.4 and 2 312.4 yuan·hm-2, respectively. Therefore, FL145 has the effect of reducing cost and increasing efficiency in the production of newly planted sugarcane by reducing the investment in soil preparation and ditching and chemical weeding. Meanwhile, FL145 creates better soil conditions, and has a positive effect on the root growth, thereby promoting photosynthetic capacity and the growth and development of plant, and has a positive effect on the accumulation of dry matter and sugar, resulting in the increase of the quality and yield of newly planted sugarcane.