Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of <i>CsCaM/CML</i> Gene Family in Response to Low-Temperature and Salt Stresses in <i>Chrysanthemum seticuspe</i>
2022
Manman Fu | Chao Wu | Xia Li | Xiaoyu Ding | Fangqi Guo
Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like proteins (CML) act as significant Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensors binding Ca<sup>2+</sup> with EF-hand motifs and have been reported to be involved in various environmental stresses in plants. In this study, calmodulin <i>CsCaM/CML</i> gene family members were identified based on the genome of <i>Chrysanthemum seticuspe</i> published recently; a phylogenetic tree was constructed; gene structures and chromosomal locations of <i>CsCaM/CML</i> were depicted; cis-acting regulatory elements were predicted; collinearity and duplicate events of <i>CaM/CML</i> were analyzed using MCScanX software; and the expression levels of <i>CsCaM/CML</i> in response to abiotic stress were analyzed, based on the published RNA-seq data. We identified 86 <i>CsCaM/CML</i> (4 <i>CsCaMs</i> and 82 <i>CsCMLs</i>) genes in total. Promoter sequences of <i>CsCaM/CML</i> contained elements related to abiotic stresses (including low-temperature and anaerobic stresses) and plant hormones (including abscisic acid (ABA), MeJA, and salicylic acid). <i>CsCaM/CML</i> genes were distributed on nine chromosomes unevenly. Collinearity analysis indicated that recent segmental duplications significantly enlarged the scale of the <i>CML</i> family in <i>C. seticuspe</i>. Four <i>CsCMLs</i> (<i>CsCML14</i>, <i>CsCML50</i>, <i>CsCML65</i>, and <i>CsCML79</i>) were statistically differentially regulated under low-temperature and salt stress compared with those in the normal condition. These results indicate diverse roles of <i>CsCaM/CML</i> in plant development and in response to environmental stimuli in <i>C. seticuspe</i>.
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