Beverage Composition for Preventive Nutrition: Theoretical Approach

Modern food culture and ecological environment lead to metabolic failures. Cardiovascular and digestive diseases, as well as obesity and diabetes, are becoming younger and younger. The present research featured the development of medical science by promoting the scientific platform of ‘preventive environment’. The priority of the platform is to assess the impact of individual bioactive nutrients on morbidity. The paper starts with a brief overview of the main directions in dietetics. Imbalanced nutrition leads to metabolic syndrome, which results in weight gain and cardiovascular diseases. Scientists associate metabolic disorders with hereditary predisposition, i.e. the presence of polymorphism of certain genes, and with the effect of environment and diet. Modern science knows few medical options for obesity treatment, which means that both pharmaceutical and nutraceutical methods of weight-reducing treatment remain understudied. Functional foods with a modified carbohydrate profile can improve the chemical composition of the diet. The study involved ranking of dairy products according to the obesity risk. The paper describes the effect of various biologically active substances of plant origin on metabolism of an obesity-affected organism. Thypakoids were found to affect satiety and fullness of the gastrointestinal tract through hormones of appetite. They also affect the microbial composition of the gastrointestinal tract without causing side effects, such as steatorrhea. The research results indicate that thylakoids are a new means of natural origin for the prevention and treatment of obesity. A single dose of black tea containing flavonoids was found to reduce peripheral blood flow in the upper and lower extremities after glucose loading, which was accompanied by a lower reaction to insulin. A mixture of curcumin and piperine can increase fat loss and suppress inflammation caused by high fat content. The paper also features the phenomenon of oxidative stress: antioxidant ingredients, such as vitamins, trace elements, and minor biologically active components are mandatory for a balanced diet. The analysis of scientific data made it possible to create a formula for a preventive product – an oat milk with a modified carbohydrate composition and various fruit, berry, and vegetable fillers.