Genetic analysis of quality traits in non-aromatic rice varieties for export potential
2023
P. Harshitha1 , P. Jeyaprakash1*, K. Geetha2 , S. Selvam3 and C. Vanniarajan1
Rice, a vital staple for millions globally, plays a pivotal role in food security and livelihoods. There is a steady increase in the export of non-basmati rice to other countries in recent years due to migration from India and changing dietary pattern. The quality of rice exported from India is compromised by millers to achieve market need. This study focuses on finding quality traits preferred by different markets and identifying varieties suitable for export. For this purpose, Representative export rice samples were collected and compared with the TNAU released rice varieties. Quality traits of 34 rice genotypes, comprising both TNAU rice varieties and rice samples collected from traders were evaluated. Key quality parameters namely kernel length, cooking characteristics, physicochemical attributes, and organoleptic traits were evaluated. Samples collected from traders fall into three categories, RNR 15048 type and BPT 5204 type for premium price and CO 51 type for low premium price. Varieties ADT 43 and TKM 15 can be recommended as alternates for CO 51 type, CO 55 for RNR 15048 type and TKM 13, CO 52 and CO 43 for BPT 5204 type. The genetics of various quality traits were studied which revealed high genetic advance and high heritability for kernel breadth, kernel breadth after cooking, length breadth ratio, gel consistency and gelatinization temperature. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) offered insights into the inherent variation within the genotypes and classified them into four group. This study aided in identifying varieties with export potential which will fetch high price in international market.
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