Changing in the production of anticancer drugs (vinblastine and vincristine) in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don by potassium and ascorbic acid treatments
2022
Neda Sahi | Akbar Mostajeran | Mustafa Ghanadian
Catharanthus roseus seedling was treated with different concentrations (1.5, 3.16, 15, and 30 mmol) and forms (K2SO4 and KNO3) of potassium (K+) via Hoagland's nutrient solution. Ascorbic acid (AsA) was sprayed twice (plant days 68 and 78) with different concentrations (750 and 1 500 mg/L) on the leaves. Vinblastine, vincristine, tryptophan contents, D4H and DAT genes expression, peroxidase activity, and H2O2 content of leaves were measured. Potassium in KNO3 form increased vinblastine (60%) and vincristine (50%), compared to 30% and 20% using K2SO4. Vinblastine and vincristine inhibit microtubule assembly and ultimately metaphase-arrested caused by the polymerisation. The genes expression was higher 3 times in KNO3 and 2.5 times in K2SO4 in excess of K+. Foliar application of 750 mg/L AsA led to an increase in vinblastine (20%) and vincristine (16%). Both concentrations of AsA had the same additional effect on the expression of D4H and DAT about 30% and 60%, respectively, compared to the control plant. Tryptophan decreased 2.5 times in excess of K+ and 35% due to the exterior of AsA. H2O2 decreased while peroxidase activity increased along with AsA treatment. A positive interaction existed between the K+ and AsA on the amount of vinblastine, vincristine, tryptophan, and gene expression.
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