Improvement in fruit-bearing by acceleration of the blooming period using cyanamides in sumomoume, an interspecific hybrid between Japanese plum and apricot (Prunus salicina Lindl. * P. mume Sieb. et Zucc.)
2018
Murakami, S. (Shizuoka Res. Inst. Agric. and For. Fruit tree Research Center (Japan)) | Kamiya, K. | Kamata, N.
It is believed that 'Sumomoume' (Prunus salicina Lindl. * P. mume Sieb. et Zucc.), an interspecific hybrid between Japanese plum and Japanese apricot, does not consistently produce fruit because it is late in blooming compared to typical Japanese apricot varieties such as 'Nanko' and 'Kairyouuchida', and that natural crossing between the varieties is thus restricted. Cyanamides were used to accelerate the blooming of 'Sumomoume', so that its time of blossoming would coincide with that of 'Nanko' and 'Kairyouuchida' and improve its fruit-bearing. In a three-year study, a 0.3%-cyanamide solution was sprayed on Nov.25 and Dec.15. The date of 20%-bloom was 5 to 20 days earlier, and the period between 20%-bloom and full-bloom was 1 to 11 days longer than for unsprayed trees. The blooming period coincided with those of 'Nanko' and 'Kairyouuchida'. There were improvements in the fruit-bearing rate and fruit ripened earlier. The effect of cyanamide was more marked for the Nov.25 spraying than for that of Dec.15. Nov.25 cyanamide applications preceded the period of endodormancy in 'Sumomoume', suggesting that cyanamide treatment is most effective before the breaking of endodormancy. In conclusion, the use of cyanamide accelerated the blooming of 'Sumomoume', which may promote consistent fruit-bearing and allow for earlier harvesting.
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