Different Families of Retrotransposons and DNA Transposons Are Actively Transcribed and May Have Transposed Recently in Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens
2020
Vendrell-Mir, Pol | López-Obando, Mauricio | Nogué, Fabien | Casacuberta, Josep | Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB ; Campus UAB ; Edifici CRAG-Edifici CRAG | Department of Plant Biology ; The Linnean Centre of Plant Biology in Uppsala ; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences = Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences = Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) | Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin - Sciences du végétal (IJPB) ; AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Spanish GovernmentAGL2016-78992-RFrench National Research Agency (ANR)ANR-11-BTBR-0001_GENIUSSpanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity grant for the Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa SEV-2015-0533Saclay Plant Sciences-SPS ANR-17-EUR-0007Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad | ANR-17-EURE-0007,SPS-GSR,Ecole Universitaire de Recherche de Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay(2017)
International audience
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Inglés. Similarly to other plant genomes of similar size, more than half of the genome ofP. patensis covered by Transposable Elements (TEs). However, the composition and distribution ofP. patensTEs is quite peculiar, with Long Terminal Repeat (LTR)-retrotransposons, which form patches of TE-rich regions interleaved with gene-rich regions, accounting for the vast majority of the TE space. We have already shown that RLG1, the most abundant TE inP. patens, is expressed in non-stressed protonema tissue. Here we present a non-targeted analysis of the TE expression based on RNA-Seq data and confirmed by qRT-PCR analyses that shows that, at least four LTR-RTs (RLG1, RLG2, RLC4 and tRLC5) and one DNA transposon (PpTc2) are expressed inP. patens. These TEs are expressed during development or under stresses thatP. patensfrequently faces, such as dehydratation/rehydratation stresses, suggesting that TEs have ample possibilities to transpose duringP. patenslife cycle. Indeed, an analysis of the TE polymorphisms among four differentP. patensaccessions shows that different TE families have recently transposed in this species and have generated genetic variability that may have phenotypic consequences, as a fraction of the TE polymorphisms are within or close to genes. Among the transcribed and mobile TEs, tRLC5 is particularly interesting as it concentrates in a single position per chromosome that could coincide with the centromere, and its expression is specifically induced in young sporophyte, where meiosis takes place.
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