Tight nexus or loose links? Rural emigration and borewell-irrigated agriculture in Karnataka (South India)
2024
Landy, Frédéric | Venkatasubramanian, G. | Ruiz, Laurent | Bergez, Jacques-Eric | Jacquet, Julie | Université Paris Nanterre (UPN) | Université Paris Lumières (UPL) | Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP) ; Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro) | AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Santé (SU FdS) ; Sorbonne Université (SU) | SUJALA project of the Government of Karnataka-NBSS - French national agency ANR | Environmental Research Observatory BVET | French Critical Zone Research Infrastructure OZCAR | Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
International audience
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Inglés. It is crucial to better understand the relationship between irrigated agriculture and migration. In India, irrigated agriculture, which keeps people busy and feeds their mouths, has undoubtedly contributed to the retention of the rural population. But for how long? Farmers' low incomes and the environmental crisis could lead to a huge rural exodus. Yet, more positively, rural emigration can be driven by the desire to finance irrigation, since migrants' incomes can then be invested in drilling wells or equipping pipes. This is migration for productive purposes, not migration for poverty or destitution. Through fieldwork research in Karnataka, this article highlights the complex links between irrigated agriculture and what is perhaps better described as 'circulation' rather than migration. Both appear as one means among others to produce household livelihoods. Through indebtedness they are embedded in a system that includes all sorts of other activities and resources. Our field study leads us to reject the overly linear models, which are very common in the literature because of their intuitive aspect, such as "irrigation reduces/increases immigration".
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Información bibliográfica
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