Global spread of helminth parasites at the human-domestic animal-wildlife interface
2018
Wells, Konstans | Gibson, David, I. | Clark, Nicholas | Ribas, Alexis | Morand, Serge | Mccallum, Hamish | Griffith University [Brisbane] | Environmental Futures Research Institute ; Griffith University [Brisbane] | The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM) | The University of Queensland (UQ [All campuses : Brisbane, Dutton Park Gatton, Herston, St Lucia and other locations]) | School of veterinary science ; The University of Queensland (UQ [All campuses : Brisbane, Dutton Park Gatton, Herston, St Lucia and other locations]) | Universitat de Barcelona (UB) | Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences | Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Faculty of Veterinary Technology ; Kasetsart University [Bangkok, Thailand] (KU)
International audience
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Inglés. Changes in species distributions open novel parasite transmission routes at the human-wildlife interface, yet the strength of biotic and biogeographical factors that prevent or facilitate parasite host shifting are not well understood. We investigated global patterns of helminth parasite (Nematoda, Cestoda, Trematoda) sharing between mammalian wildlife species and domestic mammal hosts (including humans) using >24,000 unique country-level records of host-parasite associations. We used hierarchical modelling and species trait data to determine possible drivers of the level of parasite sharing between wildlife species and either humans or domestic animal hosts. We found the diet of wildlife species to be a strong predictor of levels of helminth parasite sharing with humans and domestic animals, followed by a moderate effect of zoogeographical region and minor effects of species' habitat and climatic niches. Combining model predictions with the distribution and ecological profile data of wildlife species, we projected global risk maps that uncovered strikingly similar patterns of wildlife parasite sharing across geographical areas for the different domestic host species (including humans). These similarities are largely explained by the fact that widespread parasites are commonly recorded infecting several domestic species. If the dietary profile and position in the trophic chain of a wildlife species largely drives its level of helminth parasite sharing with humans/domestic animals, future range shifts of host species that result in novel trophic interactions may likely increase parasite host shifting and have important ramifications for human and animal health.
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