Biological nitrogen fixation in soybean in Argentina: relationships with crop, soil, and meteorological factors

Aims: This study aims to (i) asses the contribution of biological N fixation (%Ndfa) in the soybean production area of Argentina, (ii) build a model for predicting %Ndfa using crop, soil, and meteorological variables, and (iii) estimate %Ndfa at the country level using values obtained in this study. Methods: %Ndfa was assessed in paddocks and experimental plots located in an area 22–39° S and 56–66° W. %Ndfa was determined using the natural 15N abundance method. A complete data set of soil and meteorological variables (n–47) was used to develop a model for predicting %Ndfa. Results: A median value of %Ndfa in aboveground biomass of 60 % (interquartile range 46–71 %) was estimated. Larger %Ndfa values were observed in areas with high crops yields. When seed yield was above 3.7 Mg ha−1, effective rainfall during fallow and mean temperature in the seed-filling period explained %Ndfa. Below 3.7 Mg ha−1, soil phosphorus content, pH, and effective rainfall in the vegetative period explicated %Ndfa. Conclusions: Soybean production systems in Argentina showed larger %Ndfa than reported values in literature that may affect global N balances. Identified soil and meteorological variables may be useful for predicting %Ndfa in future studies, taking into account their spatial variation in the soil-plant system.

EEA Oliveros

Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales

Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola

Fil: Collino, Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales; Argentina

Fil: Salvagiotti, Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentina

Fil: Perticari, Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola; Argentina

Fil: Piccinetti, Carlos Fabian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola; Argentina

Fil: Ovando, G. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Climatología Agrícola; Argentina

Fil: Urquiaga, S. Embrapa Agrobiologia; Brasil

Fil: Racca, Roberto Walter. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales; Argentina