The Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Historical Dynamics of Wild <i>Pyrus</i> Species on the Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau
2025
Xiang Yang | Xingguang Dong | Kunming Li | Ying Zhang | Chenxi Xu | Hongliang Huo | Luming Tian | Jiayu Xu | Chao Liu | Dan Qi | Yufen Cao
Located in the southwestern region of China, the Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau, is closely related to the origins of <i>Pyrus</i> L. Despite this important status, there has been relatively little population genetics research focused on the wild <i>Pyrus</i> species in this area. To address this gap in knowledge, the present study was conducted investigating wild <i>Pyrus</i> species distributions in the Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau region. These analyses entailed the collection of 80 accessions, whole-genome resequencing, and the detection of variants including SNPs, InDels, SVs, and CNVs. Genetic structure analyses revealed clear differences between <i>P. pashia</i> and <i>P. calleryana</i>, where the former was additionally subdivided into five groups. The genetic structure of these accessions was closely aligned with their geographic distribution, highlighting the fragmented nature of wild <i>Pyrus</i> populations on the Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau. Analyses of genetic diversity suggested that the central and easter portions of Yunnan Province are key centers of <i>Pyrus</i> diversity on the Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau, whereas the highest degree of differentiation was observed for wild <i>Pyrus</i> in the southwest and northwest regions. Demographic analyses indicated that wild <i>Pyrus</i> populations on the Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau are currently in a state of population contraction, with evidence of migration events between these populations.
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