Age-Related Dynamics in the Conventional, Non-Conventional, and Bacteriological Characteristics of Fresh and Liquid-Stored Porcine Semen
2025
Eva Tvrdá | Ondřej Bučko | Michal Ďuračka | Anton Kováčik | Filip Benko | Miroslava Kačániová
This study strove to investigate the effect of boar age on conventional and non-conventional quality traits of fresh and liquid-stored semen. Sixty boars were allocated into 3 groups: 8–12 months (young); 24–36 months (adult); and 48–60 months (senior). Ejaculates were divided into two parts; the first one was assessed in native state while the second one was extended in the Androstar Plus extender containing gentamycin, stored at 5 °C and evaluated following 72 h. Young animals presented with a significantly lower sperm motility (<i>p</i> < 0.01), membrane and acrosome integrity (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), and mitochondrial activity (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) against adult boars. Significantly higher levels of free radicals and tumor necrosis factor alpha (<i>p</i> < 0.001), interleukin 1 and 6 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) were found in young boars in comparison to adult boars. The assessment of liquid-stored semen revealed a significantly lower sperm motility, membrane, and acrosome integrity (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) in young boars when compared to adult boars. Moreover, <i>Clostridium difficile</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Rothia nasimurium</i> remained in liquid-stored semen obtained from young boars, while <i>Corynebacterium</i> sp. and <i>Escherichia coli</i> continued to be identified in samples collected from adult boars. In conclusion, age contributes to the overall quality of fresh as well as liquid-stored boar semen.
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