Macroeconomic competitiveness of cocoa export from West Africa

Polaco. Kakao jest głównym źródłem dochodów dla wielu państw Afryki Zachodniej, takich jak Ghana i Wybrzeże Kości Słoniowej. Stanowi także główny towar eksportowany z tych krajów. W artykule przeanalizowano perspektywy światowej produkcji i eksportu kakao, a także określono i przeanalizowano czynniki wpływające na konkurencyjność jego eksportu od głównych państw – producentów w Afryce. W badaniach wykorzystano metodę najmniejszych kwadratów (Ordinary Least Squares, OLS).

Inglés. Cocoa is a major cash crop for major West African economics like Ghana and Cote D’Ivoire. These forms the major contributor to the GDP of producer countries and also major commodity in the international trading markets. This paper analysed the world cocoa production and export outlook in relative to the two leading producers of cocoa as well as determine and analyse the factors influencing the competitiveness of cocoa exports from these two major producers in Africa. The analysis used the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression approach. Findings revealed that Cote D’Ivoire continuous to be the leading cocoa producer in Africa followed by Ghana. Findings further revealed that aggregate world cocoa export, domestic consumption of cocoa in these countries, aggregate cocoa output as well as domestic output makes cocoa from these two countries competitive in the global market. However, at the same moment, domestic consumption of cocoa in Ghana makes cocoa exports non-competitive in the global market and aggregate world output makes cocoa from Cote D’Ivoire non-competitive since buyers will prefer high premium quality from Ghana. The paper concludes that these factors makes cocoa from these two countries competitive in the global market. This is due to the comparative advantage of these countries in cocoa production. This paper recommends that governments should strengthen cocoa marketing boards, intensify extension delivery, subsidize inputs, and ensure easy access to credit facilities among others towards increased domestic and national yields.

Polaco. kakao, metoda najmniejszych kwadratów (OLS), konkurencyjność, Ghana, Wybrzeże Kości Słoniowej

Inglés. cocoa, competitiveness, Ghana, Cote D’Ivoire

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