Mucosal and systemic immune responses induced by a Single Time Vaccination Strategy in mice

Vaccination is considered by World Health Organization as the most cost-effective strategy for controlling infectious diseases. In spite of great successes with vaccines, many infectious diseases are still leading killers, because of their inadequate coverage. Several factors have been responsible: number of doses, high vaccine reactogenicity, vaccine costs, vaccination policy, among others. Contradictorily, few vaccines are of single dose and even less of mucosal administration. However, more common infections occur via mucosa, where secretory immunoglobulin A plays an essential role. As an alternative, we proposed a novel protocol of vaccination called Single Time Vaccination Strategy (SinTimVaS) by immunizing two priming doses at same time, one by mucosal and one by parenteral routes. Here, the mucosal and systemic responses induced by Finlay Adjuvants (AF Proteoliposome (PL) 1 and AF Cochleate (Co) 1) implementing SinTimVaS in Balb/c mice were evaluated. One intranasal dose of AFCo1 and intramuscular dose of AFPL1 adsorbed onto Aluminum hydroxide, with BSA or TT as model antigens, administrated at the same time, induced potent specific mucosal and systemic immune responses. Also, we demonstrated that SinTimVaS using other mucosal routes like oral and sublingual, in combination with subcutaneous route elicits immune responses. SinTimVaS, as a new immunization strategy, could increase vaccination coverage and reduce time-cost vaccines campaigns, adding the benefits of immune response in mucosa.

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