Tree Diversity Increases Forest Temperature Buffering via Enhancing Canopy Density and Structural Diversity
2025
Schnabel, Florian | Beugnon, Rémy | Yang, Bo | Richter, Ronny | Eisenhauer, Nico | Huang, Yuanyuan | Liu, Xiaojuan | Wirth, Christian | Cesarz, Simone | Fichtner, Andreas | Perles‐garcia, Maria, D | Hähn, Georg, J A | Härdtle, Werner | Kunz, Matthias | Castro Izaguirre, Nadia, C | Niklaus, Pascal, A | von Oheimb, Goddert | Schmid, Bernhard | Trogisch, Stefan | Wendisch, Manfred | Ma, Keping | Bruelheide, Helge | German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) | Leipzig University / Universität Leipzig | Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg = University of Freiburg | Leipziger Institut für Meteorologie (LIM) ; Leipzig University / Universität Leipzig | Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE) ; École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier ; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Montpellier Paul-Valéry (UMPV) | University of Electronic Science and Technology of China [Chengdu] (UESTC) | Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) | Institute of Botany [Beijing] (IB-CAS) ; Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS) | Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC) ; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft | Institute of Ecology [Lüneburg] ; Leuphana University of Lüneburg | Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg - Martin-Luther-University Halle Wittenberg (MLU) | Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna = University of Bologna (UNIBO) | German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ) | Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden) | Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH) | This work was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation; grants DFG FOR 891, 319936945/GRK2324, DFG-FZT 118, 202548816, Ei 862/29-1, FOR 5000). University of Chinese Academy of SciencesSächsisches Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft, Kultur und Tourismus (SMWK, Saxon State Ministry for Science, Culture and Tourism; grant 3-7304/35/6-2021/48880). University Research Priority Program Global Change and Biodiversity of the University of Zurich.
International audience
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Inglés. Global warming is increasing the frequency and intensity of climate extremes. Forests may buffer climate extremes by creating their own attenuated microclimate below their canopy, which maintains forest functioning and biodiversity. However, the effect of tree diversity on temperature buffering in forests is largely unexplored. Here, we show that tree species richness increases forest temperature buffering across temporal scales over six years in a large-scale tree diversity experiment covering a species richness gradient of 1 to 24 tree species. We found that species richness strengthened the cooling of hot and the insulation against cold daily and monthly air temperatures and temperature extremes. This buffering effect of tree species richness was mediated by enhanced canopy density and structural diversity in species-rich stands. Safeguarding and planting diverse forests may thus mitigate negative effects of global warming and climate extremes on below-canopy ecosystem functions and communities.
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