Maternal effects and environmental filtering shape seed fungal communities in oak trees
2019
Fort, Tania | Pauvert, Charlie | Zanne, Amy E. | Ovaskainen, Otso | Caignard, Thomas | Barret, Matthieu | Compant, Stéphane | Hampe, Arndt | Delzon, Sylvain | Vacher, Corinne | Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB) | Biological Sciences Department (BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT) ; Nanjing University (NJU) | Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) | Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS) ; Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST | Center for Health & Bioresources ; Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) | INRAE MetaOmics of Microbial Ecosystems (MEM) metaprogramme (Learnbiocontrol project), INRAE Ecosystem Services (EcoServ) metaprogramme (IBISC project), LABEX COTE (MICROMIC project; ANR-10-LABX-45), LABEX CEBA (ANR-10-LABX25-01) and the Aquitaine Region (Athene project, n°2016-1R20301-00007218) for additional financial support throughout the project. TF’s PhD grant was funded by the University of Bordeaux. OO was supported by the Academy of Finland (grant 309581), the Erkko foundation, and the Research Council of Norway (SFF-III grant 223257).
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Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Inglés. Trees, as foundation species, play a pivotal role in the species interaction networks that constitute forest Ecosystems. From the seed stage, they interact with microbial communities that affect their growth, health and fitness. Despite their eco-evolutionary importance, the processes shaping seed microbial communities in natural forests have received little attention. To unravel these processes, we analyzed the microbial communities of seeds collected in populations of sessile oak (Quercus petraea) growing along elevation gradients. We focused on the fungal communities as this group includes seed pathogens. Ecological processes shaping the communities were quantified using joint species distribution models. Fungi were present in all seed tissues, including the embryo. Fungal communities differed significantly among oak populations along the elevation gradients, and among mother trees within the same population. These maternal effects remained significant after seed fall, despite colonization by fungal species on the ground. Associations between tree pathogens and their antagonists were detected in the seeds. Our results demonstrate that both maternal effects and environmental filtering shape seed microbial communities of sessile oak. They provide a starting point for future research aimed at identifying the seed extended phenotypic traits that influence seed dispersal and germination, and seedling survival and growth across environments.
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