RESISTANCE OF Fasciola hepatica TO TRICLABENDAZOLE, CLOSANTEL, AND RAFOXANIDE IN A SHEEP FARM IN SHARAZOR DISTRICT, KURDISTAN-IRAQ

Fattah Marif Hardi; Zana Mustafa Rashid; Hawsar Othman Mohammed; Hiewa Othman Dyary

RESISTANCE OF Fasciola hepatica TO TRICLABENDAZOLE, CLOSANTEL, AND RAFOXANIDE IN A SHEEP FARM IN SHARAZOR DISTRICT, KURDISTAN-IRAQ

1970

Fattah Marif Hardi | Zana Mustafa Rashid | Hawsar Othman Mohammed | Hiewa Othman Dyary

Fasciolosis caused by Fasciola hepaticahas long been one of the most importanthelminthic infections of livestock in Iraq. The control of this parasite is based on the use ofanthelmintic agents, mainly triclabendazole and closantel. Sheep on a farm in Tut Aghachvillage, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq died from liver fluke disease in spite of previous treatment with triclabendazole. Thisstudy was conducted to investigate the effect of three commerciallyavailable anthelmintic agents – triclabendazole, closantel, and rafoxanide – against naturalliver fluke infection in sheep. Fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) was used to determinethe efficacy of the drugs.Treatment with triclabendazole resulted in 73.9% reduction in fecalegg count (FEC) with the lower confidence interval of 61.0%. Closantel and rafoxanidereduced the FEC in the treated groups by 70.1% and 70.2%, respectively. This study confirmsthe resistance to closantel, rafoxanide, and triclabendazole of the F. hepatica from a sheepfarm in Sharazor district, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. A study of more farms from endemic areas inIraq is required to evaluate the burden of resistance development against the common

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