Determinación de parámetros físicos y químicos del suelo sometido a explotación extensiva para la alimentación de rumiantes de la FACIAG

The objective of this research was to determine the physical and chemical parameters of the soil under an extensive grazing system. A completely randomized design (CRD) was applied, with three replications. Physical parameters were analyzed: texture, humidity and apparent density and chemical parameters: Soil nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.), pH and organic matter. Through the results obtained, it was determined that treatment T1:P1 presented a Clay Loam texture, treatment T2:P2 Silty Clay texture, treatment T3:P3 Silty Clay texture, treatment T4:P4 Silty Clay Loam texture and treatment T5:P5 Silty Clay Loam texture. Treatment T4:P4 presented the highest average of 54.56%, being statistically superior to the other treatments, while the lowest percentage of humidity (42.72%) was presented in treatment T5:P5. Treatment T1:P1 had the highest mean density, 1.73 g/cm3, statistically higher than the other treatments, while treatment T3:P3 had the lowest apparent density (1.65 g/cm3). There is a high level of soil compaction, restricting plant growth of various species. Treatment T1:P1 had the highest average pH, 5.43, statistically higher than the other treatments, while the lowest pH (5.23) was found in treatments T3:P3 and T4:P4. Treatments T2:P2 and T5:P5 had the highest average, 2.17%, respectively, statistically higher than the other treatments. Treatment T1:P1 had the lowest percentage of organic matter (1.83%). The soil was acidic and showed low levels of mineralized organic matter. Macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur were present in the soil, while calcium and magnesium were present in high levels. Micronutrients such as zinc and boron were present in the soil, while copper, iron, and manganese were present in high levels.

The objective of this research was to determine the physical and chemical parameters of the soil under an extensive grazing system. A completely randomized design (CRD) was applied, with three replications. Physical parameters were analyzed: texture, humidity and apparent density and chemical parameters: Soil nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.), pH and organic matter. Through the results obtained, it was determined that treatment T1:P1 presented a Clay Loam texture, treatment T2:P2 Silty Clay texture, treatment T3:P3 Silty Clay texture, treatment T4:P4 Silty Clay Loam texture and treatment T5:P5 Silty Clay Loam texture. Treatment T4:P4 presented the highest average of 54.56%, being statistically superior to the other treatments, while the lowest percentage of humidity (42.72%) was presented in treatment T5:P5. Treatment T1:P1 had the highest mean density, 1.73 g/cm3, statistically higher than the other treatments, while treatment T3:P3 had the lowest apparent density (1.65 g/cm3). There is a high level of soil compaction, restricting plant growth of various species. Treatment T1:P1 had the highest average pH, 5.43, statistically higher than the other treatments, while the lowest pH (5.23) was found in treatments T3:P3 and T4:P4. Treatments T2:P2 and T5:P5 had the highest average, 2.17%, respectively, statistically higher than the other treatments. Treatment T1:P1 had the lowest percentage of organic matter (1.83%). The soil was acidic and showed low levels of mineralized organic matter. Macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur were present in the soil, while calcium and magnesium were present in high levels. Micronutrients such as zinc and boron were present in the soil, while copper, iron, and manganese were present in high levels.

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar los parámetros físicos y químicos del suelo bajo un sistema extensivo de pastoreo. Se aplicó un Diseño de completamente al azar (DCA), con tres repeticiones. Se analizaron parámetros físicos: textura, humedad y densidad aparente y Parámetros químicos: Contenido de nutrientes del suelo (nitrógeno, fósforo, potasio, etc.), pH y materia orgánica. Mediante los resultados obtenidos se determinó que el tratamiento T1:P1 presentó una textura Franco Arcilloso, el tratamiento T2:P2 textura Arcillo limoso, el tratamiento T3:P3 textura Arcillo limoso, el tratamiento T4:P4 textura Franco Arcilloso limoso y el tratamiento T5:P5 textura Franco Arcilloso limoso. El tratamiento T4:P4 presento la mayor media de 54.56 %, siendo superior estadísticamente a los demás tratamientos, mientras que el menor porcentaje de humedad (42.72 %) se presentó en el tratamiento T5:P5. El tratamiento T1:P1 presento la mayor media de 1.73 gr/cm3, siendo superior estadísticamente a los demás tratamientos, mientras que la menor densidad aparente (1.65 gr/cm3) se presentó en el tratamiento T3:P3. Existe un índice alto de compactación del suelo, restringiendo el crecimiento de las plantas de diversas especies. El tratamiento T1:P1 presento la mayor media de pH con 5.43, siendo superior estadísticamente a los demás tratamientos, mientras que el menor pH (5.23) se presentó en los tratamientos T3:P3 y T4:P4. Los tratamientos T2:P2 y T5:P5 presentaron la mayor media con 2.17 %, respectivamente, siendo superior estadísticamente a los demás tratamientos, mientras que el menor porcentaje de materia orgánica (1.83 %) se presentó en el tratamiento T1:P1. Existe un bajo contenido de materia orgánica mineralizada y la condición del suelo es acida. Los macronutrientes como nitrógeno, fosforo, potasio y azufre se presentaron en contenidos bajos en el suelo, mientras el calcio y magnesio tuvieron un alto contenido en el suelo. Los micronutrientes como zinc y boro se presentaron en contenidos bajos en el suelo, mientras el cobre, hierro y manganeso tuvieron un alto contenido en el suelo.