Effect of White Light on the Biosynthesis of Nanoparticles

One of the main directions of modern nanobiotechnology, the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) by biological methods is considered an environmentally safe and energy-efficient method. In this synthesis process, mainly plant extracts, microorganisms and biological molecules are used as reducing agents and stabilizers. The study investigated the effect of white light on the synthesis process and found that light irradiation significantly affects the rate of particle formation, size and morphology. With the participation of white light, the reaction occurs faster, resulting in the formation of smaller and more stable nanoparticles. Also, the particles obtained as a result of the stimulation of photochemical processes have better optical and bioactive properties. This makes their use in the biomedical field, sensor technologies and environmental cleaning applications even more relevant. As a result of the experiments conducted, it was determined that the presence of white light accelerates the reduction process of nanoparticles and causes the particles to be smaller, spherical and more stable. The optical absorption properties of such particles are manifested by a sharper plasmon resonance. At the same time, during this synthesis method, a photochemical reaction occurs without the need for an increase in temperature in the reaction medium, which is in line with the principles of energy saving and green chemistry. The nanoparticles synthesized as a result of photostimulation also showed superior results in terms of antimicrobial activity. In particular, silver-based particles showed a strong inhibitory effect against bacterial species such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This increases the biomedical and ecological application possibilities of the synthesized materials. Thus, the biological synthesis method carried out with the participation of white light is a flexible and effective approach that provides both rapid and stable nanoparticles. This method has a wide application potential in the future in drug delivery systems, sensor technologies and environmental cleaning.