The Health of Soybean Seeds Produced by Farmer Group in Wonogiri | Kesehatan Benih Kedelai Hasil Produksi Kelompok Tani di Wonogiri

Indonesio. Infeksi cendawan terbawa benih menjadi salah satu kendala yang membatasi produksi kedelai. Studi dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kesehatan benih kedelai hasil produksi petani yang menjadi sumber benih bagi sebagian besar petani di Kabupaten Wonogiri. Percobaan dilakukan mengikuti rancangan faktorial acak lengkap dengan dua faktor perlakuan, yaitu asal benih (Desa Genuk, Suru, dan Sumberejo) dan perlakuan benih (dengan disinfektan dan tanpa disinfektan). Metode pengujian benih menggunakan blotter test yang dimodifikasi. Identifikasi cendawan terbawa benih dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa benih asal Desa Sumberejo memiliki tingkat perkecambahan normal yang memenuhi syarat sebagai sumber benih. Akan tetapi, benih kedelai asal produksi mandiri petani di Wonogiri belum layak dijadikan sebagai sumber benih sehat. Benih asal Desa Suru dan Desa Genuk terinfeksi dan terkontaminasi oleh Aspergillus niger dan A. flavus dengan persentase infeksi rata-rata 90%. Kedua cendawan tersebut mendominasi infeksi dan kontaminasi benih kedelai. Penggunaan disinfektan mampu menekan infeksi dan kontaminasi Aspergillus spp.

Inglés. The Health of Soybean Seeds Produced by Farmer Group in Wonogiri Seed-borne fungal infection is one of the constraints limiting soybean production. Study was conducted to evaluate the health of soybean seeds produced by farmers and become the main seed source for most farmers in Wonogiri Regency. The experiment was carried out following a completely randomized factorial design with two factors, i.e. the origin of the seeds (Genuk, Suru, and Sumberejo Villages) and seed treatment (with and without disinfectant). Seed health testing was conducted using modification of blotter test. Identification of seed-borne fungi was carried out based on morphological characters. The results showed that the seeds from Sumberejo Village had normal germination rates that met the requirements as a seed source. However, soybean seeds produced by the farmers in Wonogiri do not meet the requirements as healthy seeds. Seeds from Suru and Genuk Villages were infected and contaminated by Aspergillus niger and A. flavus with an average infection of 90%. These two fungi dominate the infection and contamination of soybean seeds. The use of disinfectants is able to suppress infection and contamination of Aspergillus spp.