PRODUCTIVITY AND ADAPTABILITY INDICATORS OF NEW WINTER BREAD WHEAT VARIETIES IN NON-CHERNOZEM REGION
2025
Sandukhadze, B.I. | Mamedov, R.Z. | Krakhmalyova, M.S. | Bugrova, V.V. | Sobolev, S.V. | Sandukhadze, E.K. | Molodovsky, Ya.S. | Savinov, E.V.
Winter bread wheat is the most important grain crop in the Russian Federation, widely cultivated in different regions of the country. Breeding for adaptability is considered one of the main directions in the creation of new varieties of winter bread wheat. Changing weather conditions, differentiated levels of production technology, and other factors lead to the need to create varieties with high productivity levels but different adaptive characteristics. The paper considers the yields of 6 new winter bread wheat varieties Moskovskaya 31, Nemchinovskaya 14, Moskovskaya 74, Moskovskaya 28, Moskovskaya 42 and Vasilyevna, bred at the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "FRC Nemchinovka" and undergoing State variety testing, in comparison with the standard variety Moskovskaya 39 in 2022-2024. The environmental index characterizing the growing conditions of the varieties was the highest in 2023, Ij =1.72, in the same year the yield of the tested varieties was high, from 8.45 to 10.23 t/ha. On average, over the years of testing, the maximum yield was found in the varieties Moskovskaya 28 – 8.52 t/ha and Moskovskaya 74 – 8.05 t/ha, exceeding the standard by 1.80 and 1.33 t/ha, respectively. Adaptability indicators were calculated, the plastic varieties were Moskovskaya 31 (bi=1.39), Moskovskaya 42 (bi=1.29) and Vasilevna (bi=1.17). The Moskovskaya 28 variety is defined as stable (δd2=0.92), as well as stress-resistant (Y2-Y1=-1.91) and genetically flexible ((Y2+ Y1)/2=8.56). New varieties of winter wheat undergoing State variety testing are high-yielding, and have both plasticity and stability
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