Population Structure, Growth Characteristics, Resource Dynamics, and Management Strategies of <i>Schizopygopsis younghusbandi</i> in Four Tributaries of the Yarlung Zangbo River, Tibet

Aquatic biodiversity of the Yarlung Zangbo River is both unique and fragile, with its ecological environment currently under significant pressure. However, comprehensive studies on the biological characteristics and resource status of fish in its tributaries remain insufficient. In this study, we analyzed the population structure, growth characteristics, and resource dynamics of 2058 specimens of <i>Schizopygopsis younghusbandi</i> that were collected from four major tributaries in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River (Duoxiong Zangbo, Lhasa River, Niyang River, and Nianchu River) between 2023 and 2024. Population parameters were estimated using the Von Bertalanffy growth equation, revealing asymptotic body lengths (<i>L∞</i>) between 387.877 and 414.535 mm and growth coefficients (<i>k</i>) ranging from 0.154 to 0.174. Notably, the <i>k</i> values exhibited a gradual decline in growth rate with increasing altitude. Based on calculations from FiSAT II software, the exploitation rate (<i>E</i>) revealed that the Duoxiong Zangbo population remained within a safe range (<i>E</i> < 0.5), whereas the Nianchu, Lhasa, and Niyang River populations were overexploited (<i>E</i> > 0.5), with their population structures showing signs of under-ageing and miniaturization. To ensure stable population continuity, the minimum catchable body lengths were estimated as 248 mm, 240 mm, 233 mm, and 236 mm for the Duoxiong Zangbo, Nianchu, Lhasa, and Niyang Rivers, respectively, with slight variations among tributaries. These findings suggest that <i>S. younghusbandi</i> populations in the Yarlung Zangbo River tributaries are adversely affected by external pressures and face a decline, necessitating effective conservation and restoration strategies.