Pests in cherry plantations in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine

Goal. To study the biological resistance of cherry varieties of different maturity against pest and to determine their number. Methods. Laboratory field. The population of cherry trees by pests was determined by conventional methods in the Research Garden of the NNVC Tavriya State Agrotechnological University. The final pest population of trees was assessed on a five-point scale. Results. The results of studying the phytosanitary condition of cherry plantations in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine are given. It was found that in 2018, 8 species of pest predominated, and in 2019 — only 5. The permanent species of pest were cherry aphid, rose leafhopper, cherry fly and Turkestan mite. It should be noted that the population of the above pests in the years of research was at the level of 0—2 points. In 2018, single black weevils and geese were recorded in cherry plantations at the level of 1 point, and the following year these species were completely absent. During 2018, all varieties, except Dilema and Udivitelnaya were inhabited by mobile stages of red fruit mite from 0.6 to 3.0 specimens/leaf. In 2019, the population of hawthorn mites was observed above the economic threshold of harmfulness on the varieties Melitopol Black, Announcement and Talisman (3.3—7.3 specimens/leaf), which corresponds to 4—5 points. The number of California thyme in cherry plantations of almost all varieties was higher than the threshold value, the maximum was observed in the variety Melitopol black — 5.6—8.5 specimens/shield. Conclusions. Resistance of cherry varieties by groups of maturity to the presence of pests was not detected, all varieties to some extent were covered by harmful entomofauna. Ongoing monitoring studies in cherry plantations from the moment of bud burst to harvest can increase the effectiveness of protective measures by timely assessment of the population of each species of pest.