Keanekaragaman Spesies Serangga pada Berbagai Tipologi Ekosistem Mangrove di Desa Ketapang, Kab. Tangerang, Banten | Diversity of Insect Species in Various Typologies of Mangrove Ecosystems in Ketapang Village, Tangerang Regency, Banten

Keanekaragaman serangga merupakan bagian dari keanekaragaman hayati yang dipengaruhi oleh kondisi habitat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi komposisi spesies dan keanekaragaman serangga pada berbagai tipologi ekosistem mangrove serta kondisi iklim mikro di Desa Ketapang. Metode yang digunakan meliputi penangkapan serangga menggunakan yellow-pan trap dan pengukuran faktor lingkungan. Data dianalisis menggunakan indeks Shannon-Wiener, indeks kekayaan Margalef, dan indeks kesamaan Jaccard. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa didapatkan 1.870 individu serangga dari 148 morfospesies, dengan ordo Hymenoptera paling melimpah. Tipologi afforestasi memiliki nilai keanekaragaman tertinggi (H' = 3,48), diikuti oleh greenbelt (H' = 3,15), dan silvofishery (H' = 2,70). Nilai kekayaan spesies relatif seragam antar tipologi, namun indeks kesamaan Jaccard menunjukkan komposisi spesies antar tipologi tidak serupa. Perbedaan komposisi tegakan dan kondisi lingkungan antar tipologi berpengaruh terhadap sebaran dan keragaman komunitas serangga sehingga strategi pengelolaan dan konservasi dapat disesuaikan dengan karakteristik tiap ekosistem.

Insect diversity is part of the biodiversity that is influenced by habitat conditions. This study aims to identify the species composition and diversity of insects in various typologies of mangrove ecosystems and microclimate conditions in Ketapang Village. The methods used include catching insects using yellow-pan traps and measuring environmental factors. Data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener index, Margalef richness index, and Jaccard similarity index. The results showed that 1,870 individual insects from 148 morphospecies were obtained, with the most abundant order Hymenoptera. The afforestation typology had the highest diversity value (H '= 3.48), followed by greenbelt (H'= 3.15), and silvofishery (H'= 2.70). The species richness value was relatively uniform between typologies, but the Jaccard similarity index showed that the species composition between typologies was not similar. Differences in vegetation composition and environmental conditions between typologies affect the distribution and diversity of insect communities so that management and conservation strategies can be adjusted to the characteristics of each ecosystem.