Genetic variation for seed yield and some of agro-morphological traits in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes | Genetska variabilnost pridelka semen in nekaterih agronomsko-morfoloških lastnosti genotipov boba (Vicia faba L.)

Inglés. An investigation was carried out to select the most successful faba bean genotype(s) and to estimate the heritability for seed yield and some of agro-morphological traits. The results of analysis of variance indicated that the studied genotypes differed significantly for all of the traits. For 100-seed weight, two north's of Iran landraces (G1 and G2) and two improved breeding cultivars containing France (G4) and Barrakat (G10) possessed the heaviest seed weight, 161.33, 139, 119.67 and 166 g, respectively. G1 and G10 presented the highest values for dry seed weight (473.98 and 495.44 g m-2, respectively). G1 and G10 showed significantly higher magnitude values of the other traits. Broad sense heritability (h2) estimates were generally high to moderate for all of the studied traits. The highest estimates of broad sense heritability was inscribed as 98 % for pod length, dry seed length and dry seed width and 0.95 for hundred seed weight. The estimated broad-sense heritability was 0.80 for dry seed yield per m2. These results suggested that the environmental factors had a small effect on the inheritance of traits with high heritability. High estimates of heritability indicated that selection based on mean would be successful in improving of these traits. High heritability indicate an additive gene action for the traits, and hence, possible trait improvement through selection. Path coefficient analysis indicated that the traits containing day to harvesting, pod length, hundred seed weight and number of stems per plant play major role in seed yield determination of faba bean. Attention should be paid to these characters for augmentation of seed yield and these traits could be used as selection criteria in faba bean breeding programs. These findings indicate that selection for each or full of the above traits would be accompanied by high yielding ability under such conditions.

Esloveno. Raziskava je bila opravljena za izbor najdonosnejših genotipov boba z namenom oceniti heritabilnost oz. dednostni delež pridelka semen in nekaterih agronomsko-morfoloških lastnosti. Rezultati dobljeni z analizo variance so pokazali, da se vsi obravnavani genotipi značilno razlikujejo v vseh proučevanih lastnostih. Za maso 100-semen sta se izkazali najboljši dve akcesiji iz severnega Irana, (G1 in G2) in dve izboljšani sorti,’France’ (G4) ‘Barrakat’ (G10), katerih masa je znašala, 161.33, 139, 119.67 in 166 g. Genotipa G1 in G10 sta imela največjo maso suhih semen na enoto površine (473.98 in 495.44 g m-2). Ista genotipa sta izkazala tudi večje vrednosti pri drugih analiziranih lastnostih. Ocene dednostnega deleža v širšem smislu (h2) so bile na splošno velike do zmerne za vse analizirane lastnosti. Največji delež k splošni dednosti so v vrednosti 98 % prispevali dolžina strokov, dolžina in širina suhega zrna in 0.95 masa stotih semen. Ocenjena splošna dednost za pridelek suhih semen na enoto površine je bila 0.80. Ti rezultati so pokazali, da so imeli okoljski dejavniki majhen vpliv na lastnost z velikim dednostnim deležem. Velike ocene dednostnega deleža so pokazale, da je selekcija, ki bi temeljila na povprečnih vrednostih lastnosti primerna za njihovo izboljšanje. Velik dednostni delež lastnosti označuje aditivni učinek genov in možno izboljšanje lastnosti s selekcijo. Analiza združevanja lastnosti je pokazala, da so imele lastnosti, ki so vključevale število dni do žetve, dolžino stroka, maso stotih semen in število stebel na rastlino največjo vlogo pri določanju pridelka semen boba. V žlahniteljskih programih s selekcijo bi bilo potrebno posvečati pozornost tistim lastnostim boba, ki prispevajo k povečanju pridelka semen. Izsledki te raziskave kažejo, da mora biti izbrana in spremljanja vsaka ali vse analizirane lastnosti, ki imajo vpliv na velikost pridelka v danih razmerah.