In vitro application of integrated selection index for screening drought tolerant genotypes in common wheat | IN VITRO UPORABA INTEGRALNEGA SELEKCIJSKEGA INDEKSA ZA IZBOR NA SUŠO ODPORNIH GENOTIPOV NAVADNE PŠENICE

Inglés. This experiment was conducted on 20 wheat genotypes during 2010-2011 growing season at the Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. A completely randomized design with six replications was used for callus induction and a 20 × 2 factorial experiment with three replications was used for response of genotypes to in vitro drought stress. ANOVA exhibited highly significant differences among the genotypes for callus growth rate, relative fresh mass growth, relative growth rate, callus water content, percent of callus chlorosis and proline content under stress condition (15 % PEG). PCA showed that the integrated selection index was correlated with callus growth index, relative fresh mass growth, relative growth rate and proline content indicating that these screening techniques can be useful for selecting drought tolerant genotypes. Screening drought tolerant genotypes and in vitro indicators of drought tolerance using mean rank, standard deviation of ranks and biplot analysis, discriminated genotypes 2, 18 and 10 as the most drought tolerant. Therefore they are recommended to be used as parents for genetic analysis, gene mapping and improvement of drought tolerance.

Esloveno. Poskus je bil izveden na 20 genotipih navadne pšenice v rastni sezoni 2010-2011 na Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. Popolno naključni načrt poskusa s šestimi ponovitvami je bil uporabljen za indukcijo kalusa, z 20 × 2 faktorskim poskusom s tremi ponovitvami pa se je ugotavljal odziv genotipov pšenice na sušni stres v razmerah in vitro. ANOVA je pokazala visoko značilne razlike med genotipi v rasti kalusa, prirastku sveže mase, hitrosti njene prirasti, vsebnosti vode v kalusu, odstotku kloroze kalusa in v vsebnosti prolina v stresnih razmerah (15 % PEG). PCA analiza je pokazala, da je integralni selekcijski indeks koreliral z indeksom rasti kalusa, s prirastkom sveže mase, hitrostjo njene prirasti in vsebnostjo prolina, kar kaže, da so te presevne metode uporabne za izbor na sušo odpornih genotipov. Pri izboru na sušo odpornih genotipov s kazalniki ospornosti na sušo v in vitro poskusu kot osnovnim merilom, sta standardna deviacija vrednosti analiziranih znakov in “biplot” analiza izločili genotipe 2, 18 in 10 kot najbolj odporne na sušo. Zaradi tega so bili ti priporočeni za uporabo kot starševske rastline za genske analize, gensko mapiranje in izboljševanje odpornosti na sušo.